新疆某铀矿山周边食品放射性核素监测与分析

目的 了解新疆某铀矿山周边食品的放射性水平，补充新疆食品放射性核素基线数据库，分析放射性核素含量，估算居民由膳食摄入所致内照射剂量。方法 2018—2020年采集食品样品6类71份，用高纯锗γ能谱仪对感兴趣核素²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K和¹³⁷Cs的比活度进行测量、统计、分析，并对其所致居民年有效剂量进行估算。结果 2018—2020年食品样品中均未检出核素²³⁸U，其余放射性核素的平均活度浓度和检出率分别为²³²Th：0.428 ±0.038 Bq/kg（18.3%）、²²⁶Ra：0.477 ±0.063 Bq/kg（38%）、⁴⁰K：162 ±7 Bq/kg（100%）、¹³⁷Cs：0.071 ±0.011 Bq/kg（29.6%），居民因食品放射性核素所致年有效剂量约为0.198 mSv。结论 新疆某含铀矿山周边食品的放射性水平在国家标准限值以内，居民因膳食所致年平均有效剂量与(UNSCEAR)2000年报告相符合，食品样品中检出的人工放射性核素¹³⁷Cs的含量不会对居民健康造成危害。

Monitoring and analysis of food radionuclides around a uranium mine in Xinjiang

Objective To understand the radioactivity level of food surrounding a uranium mine in Xinjiang, to supplement the baseline database of food radionuclides in Xinjiang, to analyze the content of radionuclides and to estimate the internal exposure dose of residents caused by dietary intake.Methods The specific activity of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, ⁴⁰K and ¹³⁷Cs of interest nuclides was measured, statistically analyzed by high purity germanium γ spectrometer, and the annual effective dose of these nuclides was estimated.Results No nuclide ²³⁸U was detected in food samples from 2018 to 2020. The average activity concentration and detection rate of other radionuclides were ²³²Th: 0.428 ±0.038 Bq/kg (18.3%)、²²⁶Ra: 0.477 ±0.063 Bq/kg (38%)、⁴⁰K: 162 ±7 Bq/kg (100%)、¹³⁷Cs: 0.071 ±0.011 Bq/kg (29.6%). The annual effective dose of residents due to food radionuclides was about 0.198 mSv.Conclusion The radioactivity level of food in the vicinity of a uranium mining mountain in Xinjiang is within the national standard limit, and the average annual effective dose caused by the diet of residents is consistent with the report of UNSCEAR in 2000. The content of artificial radionuclide ¹³⁷Cs detected in food samples will not cause harm to the health of residents.