PD-1/PD-L1/2通路在多发性骨髓瘤中的研究进展

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种浆细胞恶性克隆增殖性疾病,近年来,蛋白酶体抑制剂、免疫调节剂在多发性骨髓瘤中的应用明显延长了患者的生存期并提高了生存质量,但因疾病的异质性、易复发及耐药性,目前仍无法治愈。免疫检查点抑制剂如Pembrolizumab、Nivolumab、Pidilizumab、Atezolizumab及Durvalumab等为MM带来了曙光。本文通过回顾近年来国内外的相关文献,综述MM的免疫发病机制、PD-1/PD-L1/2相关的免疫通路及免疫治疗的现状,希望为MM的免疫治疗提供参考。

Research Progress of PD-1/PD-L1/2 Pathway in Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a type of hematological malignancy caused by clonal plasma cell proliferation. In recent years, the application of proteasome inhibitors and immune drugs (IMiDs) in multiple myeloma has prolonged the survival period of patients and improved the quality of life. However, due to the heterogeneity, recurrence and drug resistance of the disease, MM is still incurable. Relatively good response rates of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Pidilizumab, Atezolizumab and Durvalumab offer MM a new hope. This article reviews the relevant literature in recent years, introduces the immune pathogenesis of MM, PD-1/PD-L1/2-related immune pathway and the current status of immunotherapy, to provide reference for the immunotherapy of MM.