银杏叶提取物对MK-801致精神分裂症小鼠模型的影响*

目的: 观察银杏叶提取物对精神分裂症小鼠模型行为学的影响。方法: 将雄性ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性药组、银杏叶提取物低、中、高剂量组,共6组各11只。实验第1天开始,除空白组外每组进行腹腔注射同剂量MK-801(0.3 mg/kg)制备精神分裂症小鼠模型,同时,阳性药组腹腔注射利培酮,银杏叶提取物组灌胃银杏叶提取物,1次/d,给药15 d,末次给药后1 h,进行行为学检测,Morris水迷宫实验(学习记忆)、旷场实验(阳性症状)、强迫游泳实验(阴性症状)。结果: Morris水迷宫实验中,与空白组相比,模型组小鼠的逃避潜伏期增多、穿越平台次数减少,阳性药组和银杏叶提取物中、高剂量组与模型组相比,小鼠逃避潜伏期显著缩短,小鼠穿越平台次数显著增多,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。旷场实验中,与空白组相比,模型组小鼠运动总路程显著升高,与模型组相比,银杏叶低、中、高剂量组均使小鼠的自主活动升高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。强迫游泳实验中,与空白组相比,模型组小鼠不动时间显著延长,与模型组相比,阳性药及银杏叶低、中、高剂量组小鼠不动时间显著缩短(P＜0.01)。结论: 银杏叶提取物能改善用MK-801制备的精神分裂症小鼠模型阴性症状和认知功能障碍,不能改善精神分裂症小鼠模型的阳性症状,可能与银杏叶提取物对小鼠脑内神经递质(DA、NE、5-HT)的影响有关。

Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on MK-801-induced schizophrenia mouse model

Objective: To observe the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the behavior of schizophrenia mouse model. Methods: Male ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, positive drug group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups, with 11 mice in each group. From the first day of the experiment, except the blank group, each group was intraperitoneally injected with the same dose of MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg) to prepare a schizophrenia mouse model. At the same time, the positive drug group was intraperitoneally injected with risperidone, and the Ginkgo biloba extract group was administered by gavage, once a day, for 15 days, and 1 hour after the last administration, behavioral tests, Morris water maze test (learning and memory), open field test (positive symptoms), and forced swimming test (negative symptoms) were performed. Results: In the Morris water maze experiment, compared with the blank group, the escape latency of mice in the model group increased and the number of crossing platforms decreased. Compared with the model group, the escape latency of mice in the positive drug group and the medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups was significantly shortened, and the number of mice crossing the platform was significantly increased. In the open field experiment, compared with the blank group, the total distance of movement in the model group was significantly increased; compared with the model group, the autonomous activity of mice in the low, medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups was increased, and had statistical significance. In the forced swimming experiment, compared with the blank group, the immobility time of mice in the model group was significantly prolonged, and compared with the model group, the immobility time of mice in the low, medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups and positive drugs group was significantly shortened. Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract can improve the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction of the schizophrenia mouse model prepared with MK-801, but cannot improve the positive symptoms of the schizophrenia mouse model. It may be related to the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on neurotransmitters (DA, NE, 5-HT) in mouse brain.