不同医疗机构放射人员职业健康状况对比分析

目的 了解不同医疗机构放射人员职业健康状况，为健康管理提供依据。方法 对新疆14个地州388家医疗机构1630名放射人员进行职业健康检查及随机抽取260人进行问卷调查。结果 放射人员眼科、甲状腺功能（简称“甲功”）异常率以三级医院最高，其次是二级医院、公共事业单位、民营医院、一级医院和个体诊所，而血糖的顺序相反（均P < 0.05）。血压、眼科、胸片、彩超、血常规、肾功、血糖、染色体和尿常规随年龄增长异常率增加（均P < 0.05），男性血压、彩超、谷丙转氨酶、肾功、血糖和尿常规的异常率比女性高，而甲功异常率低（均P < 0.05）。血红蛋白与染色体、白细胞与血糖和尿常规，其异常均具一致性。汉族眼科、肾功和甲功的异常率高于少数民族，而谷丙转氨酶低。不同医疗机构、文化程度及工龄的260人问卷调查得分比较无差异（均P > 0.05）。结论 各医疗机构放射人员健康状况不同，有年龄、性别和民族差别，应加强放射人员职业健康监护工作。

Comparative analysis of occupational health status of radiation workers in different medical institutions

Objective To understand the occupational health status of radiation workers of different medical institutions and provide the basis for health management.Methods A comparative analysis of the occupational health examination of 1,630 radiation workers in 14 local medical institutions in Xinjiang, and 260 of them randomly questionnaire surveyed.Results The abnormal rate of ophthalmology and thyroid function among radiation workers was the highest in tertiary hospitals, followed by secondary hospitals, public utilities, private hospitals, first-level hospitals and individual clinics, but the order of blood glucose was reversed (P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of blood pressure, ophthalmology, chest X-ray, color doppler ultrasound, blood routine, kidney function, blood glucose, chromosome detection and urine routine increased with age (P < 0.05). The abnormal rates of blood pressure, color doppler ultrasound, glutamate alanine aminotransferase, kidney function, blood glucose and urine routine in male were higher than that in female, and the rate of thyroid function was lower than that in female(P < 0.05). The differences between hemoglobin and chromosomes, white blood cell and blood glucose, white blood cell and urine were significant. The abnormal rate of ophthalmology, kidney function and thyroid function of the Han nationality was higher than that of minorities, but of the glutamate alanine aminotransferase was lower. There was no difference in the questionnaire survey scores of 260 radiation workers from different medical institutions, cultural levels and working years (P < 0.05).Conclusion The occupational health status of radiation workers in various medical institutions is different, with age, gender and ethnicity, and the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers should be strengthened.