PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗晚期肝细胞癌的机制及研究进展

原发性肝癌起病隐匿，恶性程度高，易发生进展及转移，往往发现疾病时已是肝癌中晚期。较长一段时间内，对于肝癌的主要治疗手段包括手术、放化疗、介入治疗及靶向治疗。但传统治疗方法疗效有限，近年来，随着对原发性肝癌的免疫系统研究逐步深入，免疫治疗已然成为一种新兴的治疗手段，其中以程序性死亡蛋白-1（PD-1）/程序性死亡蛋白配体-1（PD-L1）为靶点的免疫疗法在非小细胞肺癌及肾细胞癌的临床应用中取得了明显疗效。因此，许多研究者开始进一步探索PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肝癌中的治疗效果。本文将对PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗肝癌的机制及现阶段国内外多项免疫治疗取得的成效作一综述。

The mechanism and research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

The onset of hepatic cell carcinoma is insidious,with a high degree of malignancy,prone to progression and metastasis,and it is often found that the disease is in the advanced stage of liver cancer.For a long time,the main treatments for liver cancer include surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,interventional therapy and targeted therapy.However,traditional treatments have limited efficacy.In recent years,with the gradual deepening of the research on the immune system of primary liver cancer,immunotherapy has become an emerging treatment,including programmed death protein-1 (PD-1)/procedure.Immunotherapy with sex-dead protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) has achieved significant therapeutic effects in the clinical application of non-small cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma.Therefore,many researchers have begun to further explore the therapeutic effects of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in liver cancer.This article will review the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment of liver cancer and the effectiveness of multiple immunotherapy at home and abroad.