狂犬病疫苗接种人群中狂犬病病毒中和抗体水平分析

目的 通过分析狂犬病疫苗接种人群中狂犬病病毒RABV中和抗体特征,为狂犬病防控提供依据。方法 收集2019-2020年杭州市职业病防治院犬伤后暴露预防接种门诊抗体检测者信息,经筛选后确定157例RABV中和抗体检测者作为研究对象,采用快速荧光灶抑制试验检测狂犬病毒中和抗体,利用横断面研究方法对狂犬病毒中和抗体水平进行人群特征分析。结果 研究对象中,初种者98人,复种者59人,复种者中2-1-1程序比5针法产生的抗体水平更高,其余特征均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。除1例初种者中和抗体效价低于0.5 IU/mL,其余检测者中和抗体效价均高于0.5 IU/mL。狂犬病毒中和抗体水平时间趋势分析显示,狂犬病毒中和抗体水平与时间呈负相关,回归方程为(F=4.974,P=0.031),标准化回归系数为-0.322(t=-2.230,P=0.031)。结论 复种者狂犬病毒中和抗体水平与免疫程序有关,2-1-1程序对人体再次免疫应答的效果优于5针法。接种疫苗2年后部分个体出现失保护状态,再次暴露有必要全程接种狂犬病疫苗。

Analysis of rabies virus neutralizing antibody levels among vaccination inoculators

This study aimed to analyze the rabies virus neutralizing antibody characteristics of vaccination inoculators, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of rabies. Data on outpatient vaccination exposure in Hangzhou hospital were collected for the prevention and treatment of occupational disease in 2019-2020. Antibody testing information was obtained after 157 neutralizing antibody cases were screened by using rapid fluorescent focus inhibition tests (RFFIT), and a cross-sectional study method was used analysis of the rabies virus neutralization antibody levels among vaccination inoculators.A total of 98 primary inoculators and 59 revaccination inoculators were examined. Multiple cropping in the 2-1-1 program antibody levels higher than 5 stitches, the rest of the features were no statistical difference (P>0.05). Except for one primary inoculator whose neutralizing antibody titer was below 0.5 IU/ml, the other neutralizing antibody titer detection results exceeded 0.5 IU/ml. Time trend analysis showed a negative correlation of rabies virus neutralizing antibody levels with time, with a regression equation (F=4.974, P=0.031); the standardized regression coefficient was 0.322 (t=2.230, P=0.031). The rabies virus neutralizing antibody level was associated with the immunization program in revaccination inoculators, and the 2-1-1 program again performed better than five stitches. Some vaccination inoculators may lose immune protection after 2 years, thus indicating that the entire rabies vaccine program is necessary once again exposed.