2018—2020年杨浦区医疗机构职业性外照射个人剂量监测结果分析

目的 了解2018—2020年杨浦区医疗机构放射工作人员外照射个人剂量水平和分布情况，为预防职业性放射性疾病提供基础数据。方法 依据职业性外照射个人监测规范，采用热释光剂量测量系统对放射工作人员进行个人剂量监测，对数据进行汇总和分析。结果 2018—2020年共监测2082人，人均年有效剂量为0.20 mSv·a^-1；2020年人均年有效剂量低于2018年和2019年，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；有4名放射工作人员人均年有效剂量超过5 mSv·a^-1；诊断放射学人均年有效剂量0.20 mSv·a^-1，高于牙科放射学、医学应用其他，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；核医学人均年有效剂量0.34 mSv·a^-1，高于其他工种，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；未定级医疗机构人均年有效剂量0.14 mSv·a^-1，低于三级医院和二级医院，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 杨浦区医疗机构放射工作人员人均年有效剂量总体保持在较低的水平，应加强核医学及二、三级医院放射工作人员的放射防护，将职业性外照射剂量降到尽可能低的水平。

Analysis of individual dose monitoring results of occupational external exposure in medical institutions in Yangpu District from 2018 to 2020

Objective To ascertain the levels and distributions of individual dose of radiologic workers arising from external exposure in medical institutions in Yangpu District during 2018—2020, so as to provide basic data for the prevention of occupational radiation diseases.Methods Based on the individual dose monitoring specifications for occupational external exposure, the individual dose of radiologic workers was monitored by the thermoluminescence dosimetry systems, and the data were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 2082 people were monitored from 2018 to 2020, and the average annual effective dose per capital was 0.20 mSv·a^?1. The average annual effective dose per capital in 2020 was lower than that in 2018 and 2019, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average annual effective dose of 4 radiologic workers exceeded 5 mSv·a^?1 per capital. The average annual effective dose of diagnostic radiology was 0.20 mSv·a^?1, which was higher than that of dental radiology and other medical applications, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average annual effective dose per capital of nuclear medicine was 0.34 mSv·a^?1, which was higher than that of other medical categories, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average annual effective dose per capital in unrated hospitals was 0.14 mSv·a^?1, which was lower than that in tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion The average annual effective dose per capital of radiologic workers in medical institutions in Yangpu District is generally kept at a low level. The radiation protection of radiologic workers in nuclear medicine, secondary and tertiary hospitals should be strengthened to reduce the occupational external exposure doses to the lowest level as possible.