解毒活血灌肠方联合中药口服治疗溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床研究

  目的  观察解毒活血灌肠方联合中药口服治疗溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis，UC)的疗效并探讨其可能的机制。  方法  选择2016年7月—2018年6月北京中医药大学东直门医院、北京中医药大学第三附属医院的住院及门诊UC患者80例，根据随机数字表法分2组，灌肠组40例采用解毒活血灌肠方联合中药口服治疗，对照组40例仅采用中药口服治疗。采用改良Mayo评分判定临床疗效，观察治疗前后2组患者相关血清炎症因子水平、结肠组织病理评分及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、黏膜地址素细胞黏附分子-1(Madcam-1)的表达，有效病例随访2年。  结果  治疗后2组改良Mayo评分均随时间下降(P < 0.05)。治疗2、4周后灌肠组改良Mayo评分(3.30±0.18)分、(4.30±0.27)分]低于对照组(4.85±0.45)分、(6.15±0.38)分, 均P < 0.05]。治疗3个月后2组患者血清IL-8、TNF-α、VEGF、Madcam-1水平较治疗前降低(均P < 0.05)，灌肠组各炎症因子水平低于对照组(均P < 0.05)。2组患者结肠组织病理评分较前降低(P < 0.01)，灌肠组病理评分低于对照组(P < 0.05)。2组患者结肠黏膜VEGF、Madcam-1表达均低于治疗前(均P < 0.05)。有效病例随访2年，灌肠组复发率低于对照组(P < 0.05)。  结论  中药口服治疗溃疡性结肠炎有效，加用灌肠治疗能更快缓解症状，可能通过减少炎症因子释放，从而减轻血管炎症反应，使患者更长时间稳定于缓解期。 

Clinical study of Jiedu Huoxue Decoction enema combined with oral Chinese medicine in patients with ulcerative colitis

  Objective  To evaluate the efficacy of Jiedu Huoxue Decoction enema combined with oral Chinese medicine in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) and explore the possible mechanism of action.  Methods  Total 80 patients with UC were selected from inpatients and outpatients in Dongzhimen Hospital of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and the Third Hospital affiliated Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from July 2016 to June 2018. According to the random number table method, 40 patients in the enema group were treated with Jiedu Huoxue Decoction enema combined with oral Chinese medicine, whereas 40 patients in the control group were treated with oral Chinese medicine only. The modified Mayo score was used to determine the clinical efficacy before and after treatment. The levels of inflammatory cytokine in the serum before and after treatment were determined. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1 (Madcam-1) in the colon tissue before and after treatment were also observed. Effective telephone follow-up was conducted for 2 years.  Results  The modified Mayo scores of both groups decreased with time after treatment (P < 0.05). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the improved Mayo scores of the enema group (3.30±0.18) points and (4.30±0.27) points], were significantly lower than those of the control group (4.85±0.45) points and (6.15±0.38) points, P < 0.05]. After 3 months of treatment, the serum levels of IL-8, TNF-α, VEGF and Madcam-1 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The serum levels of IL-8, TNF-α, VEGF and Madcam-1 in the enema group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expressions of VEGF and Madcam-1 in the colonic mucosa of the two groups were lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). The results of 2-year telephone follow-up showed that the recurrence rate of the enema group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Oral Chinese materia medica is effective in treating UC, whereas enema can relieve symptoms more quickly. It may reduce the release of inflammatory factors, thus reducing vascular inflammation and keeping patients in remission for a longer period.