含硫辐射防护剂的研究进展

近些年随着核科学（医学）的快速发展，核事故或辐射暴露（故意或非故意）所造成的电离辐射是一种重大威胁，也是一项重大医疗问题。针对电离辐射损伤的机制，辐射防护药可分为以氨巯基化合物为代表的含硫辐射防护剂（甲类辐射防护剂）和以免疫调节剂、多糖、雌激素等为代表的辐射防护剂（乙类辐射防护剂）。含硫化合物作为研究较早的一类辐射防护剂，因其快速、有效的防护效果，受到国内外学者的广泛关注，并进行了大量的研究，合成出了以氨磷汀、二甲基亚砜、Prc-210等为代表的较为有效的辐射防护剂。本文对近年来氨巯基类辐射防护剂的研究进展进行了综述，以期为辐射防护剂的开发研究提供新的思路。

Research progress of sulfur-containing radiation protective agents

With the rapid development of nuclear science (medicine) in recent years,ionizing radiation caused by nuclear accident or radiation exposure (intentional or unintentional) is a major threat and also a major medical problem.Aiming at the mechanism of ionizing radiation damage,radiation protection agents are divided into sulfur-containing radiation protection agents (class A radiation protection agents) represented by ammonia sulfhydryl compounds and radiation protection agents (class B radiation protection agents) represented by immunomodulators,polysaccharides,estrogens,and so on.Sulfur-containing compounds,as a kind of radiation protective agents studied earlier,have attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad because of their rapid and effective protective effects,and a large number of studies have been carried out to synthesize more effective radiation protective agents represented by amifostine,dimethyl sulfoxide,Prc-210,etc.In this paper,the research progress of ammonia sulfhydryl radiation protective agents in recent years is reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the development and research of radiation protective agents.