重庆綦江赶水地区库蠓及其胃血血源分子鉴定

目的 利用物种线粒体CO Ⅰ基因对吸血库蠓胃血来源进行检测,研究库蠓的吸血习性。方法 采用诱蚊灯法于重庆綦江赶水地区不同生境采集吸血库蠓,并调查该地区吸血库蠓种类组成;同时根据周边环境中库蠓可能的吸血对象的线粒体CO Ⅰ基因序列差异,设计物种特异性引物,采用PCR技术对吸血库蠓胃内血粉进行线粒体CO Ⅰ基因扩增,通过将扩增产物与不同物种所对应的目的条带大小进行匹配,检测吸血库蠓胃内血粉种属来源。结果 鸡舍、羊舍和鸡鸭混合圈舍主要以荒川库蠓为主,分别占93.36%、75.26%和94.29%,猪舍以洋岛库蠓为主,占69.44%。通过随机抽样,对6种主要吸血库蠓的190份饱血库蠓胃血进行PCR检测,结果显示上述种类都存在兼性吸血的现象,可同时吸食4~6种动物的血液,其中琉球库蠓和荒川库蠓兼具吸食人血,两者吸食人血比例分别为56.52%和1.39%。结论 本研究初步证实物种线粒体CO Ⅰ基因序列可应用于吸血库蠓胃血来源的检测,同时发现6种吸血库蠓都为兼性吸血,具有吸血习性多样、对象广泛的特点。

Molecular identification of gastric blood source of Culicoides in Ganshui Town,Qijiang, Chongqing,China

This study aimed to use the mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene of the species to detect the source of gastric blood from the blood-sucking Culicoides, and to study the blood-sucking habits of the midges. The mosquito trap method was used to collect blood-sucking Culicoides in different habitats in the in the Ganshui Town, Qijiang District, Chongqing, China, and to investigate the species composition of blood-sucking Culicoides in the area; at the same time, according to the differences in the mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene sequence of the possible blood-sucking objects of the blood-sucking objects in the surrounding environment, the species-specific design was designed Using PCR technology to amplify the mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene of blood meal of blood-sucking midge stomach, by matching the amplified product with the target band size corresponding to different species, detect the source of blood meal of blood-sucking Culicoides stomach. The results showed that the habitats of chicken houses, sheep houses and chicken-duck mixed houses were mainly C. arakawai, accounting for 93.35%, 75.26% and 94.29%, respectively, and the pig houses were mainly C. kinabaluensis, accounting for 69.44%. Through random sampling, PCR detection was performed on 190 full blood-sucking Culicoides gastric blood from 6 types of Culicoides. All 6 types of Culicoides had facultative blood-sucking phenomenon and sucked the blood of 4-6 kinds of animals at the same time. Among them, C. actoni and C. arakawai had the ability to suck the habit of human blood, accounted for 56.52% and 1.39% respectively. Therefore, this study preliminarily confirmed that the mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene sequence of the species can be used to detect the source of gastric blood from the blood-sucking Culicoides. At the same time, it was found that all six Culicoides were facultative blood-sucking, with various blood-sucking habits and a wide range of blood-sucking objects.