β-内酰胺药物及β-内酰胺酶相关的研究进展

摘要：抗生素的发明和使用给人类战胜病原菌感染提供了有力武器，然而因为抗生素的滥用，以细菌为代表的病原体通过进化产生抗性从而抵抗抗生素的杀伤作用。作为最早出现的一类抗生素，β-内酰胺类抗生素具有杀菌活性强、毒性低、适应症广及临床疗效好的特点，得到了广泛使用。细菌可以通过表达β-内酰胺酶来抵抗β-内酰胺药物的杀伤作用。随着微生物学、化学、药学等学科交叉发展，对β-内酰胺酶进行研究，开展对其检测分型并有针对性地开发其抑制剂对于克服细菌耐药，挽救患者生命有重要意义。

Research progress in β-lactam drugs and β-lactamases

Abstract The invention and use of antibiotics have provided humans with a powerful weapon to defeat pathogens. However, due to abuse of antibiotics, many bacterial pathogens have evolved ways to resist the killing effects of antibiotics. As the earliest class of antibiotics, β-lactam antibiotics have been widely and successfully used for their strong bactericidal activity, low toxicity, wide indications, and good clinical efficacy. But bacteria can resist the killing effects of β-lactam drugs by expressing β-lactamase. With the interdisciplinary collaboration of microbiology, chemistry, pharmacy, and other specialties, studies on β-lactamases including their detection and typing, and targeted inhibitors are of great significance to overcome bacterial resistance and save patients' lives.