2019-2020年海南省A(H1N1)pdm09流感病毒基因特性分析

目的 分析海南省A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒的抗原性和基因特性,了解病毒的变异情况,为海南省A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒的防控提供依据。方法 选取14株2019-2020年海南省流感监测网络实验室分离到的A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒进行基因序列测定,测序结果用MEGA 10.1.8和DNASTAR7.0.1软件进行基因特性分析。结果 2019-2020年海南省A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒与国际疫苗株A/Brisbane/02/2018的血凝素基因(Hemagglutinin HA)和神经氨酸酶基因(Neuraminidase NA)均在核苷酸进化树6B.1分支上。海南分离株与疫苗株A/Brisbane/02/2018 HA基因核苷酸和氨基酸同源性范围分别为98.5%~99.1%和97.7%~99.1%,对神经氨酸酶抑制剂敏感,HA基因在Sa抗原决定簇NQT162-164有共同变异位点,N162位点的变异增加了1个潜在糖基化位点。Sb抗原决定簇K156位点发生变异的分离株为参考血清A/Brisbane/02/2018的低反应株,其余分离株均为疫苗株A/Brisbane/02/2018的类似株。结论 2019-2020年海南省A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒与WHO推荐的北半球疫苗组分匹配。

Analysis of genetic characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus isolated in Hainan Province in 2019—2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the antigenicity and genetic characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype influenza virus from Hainan Province, to understand virus mutation, and to provide a basis for its prevention and control. A total of 14 strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype influenza virus isolated by the Hainan Province Influenza Network Laboratory between 2019 and 2020 were selected for genetic sequence identification. The sequencing results were analyzed using MEGA 10.1.8 and DNASTAR7.0.1 software. The results showed that the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of A(H1N1) pdm09 subtype influenza virus and the international vaccine strain A/Brisbane/02/2018 are both in the nucleotide evolutionary tree branch 6B.1. The Hainan isolate and the vaccine strain A/Brisbane/02/2018 HA gene nucleotide and amino acid homology ranges are 98.5%~99.1% and 97.7%~99.1%, respectively. They are also both sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors. The HA gene is an Sa antigen. The determinant NQT162—164 has a common mutation site, while the mutation at N162 adds a potential glycosylation site. Isolates with mutations at the K156 site of the Sb epitope were low-reactive strains of the reference serum A/Brisbane/02/2018. The remaining isolates replaced similar strains of the vaccine strain A/Brisbane/02/2018. The above results indicate that the A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype influenza virus from Hainan Province matches the components of the northern hemisphere vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization between 2019 and 2020.