慢性肾脏病患者功能评估及康复服务规范

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease，CKD)患者伴随着肾功能下降，会出现不同程度的功能障碍，大大增加了CKD患者不良预后的风险，给患者家庭和社会带来沉重的经济压力和护理负担。解决CKD患者功能障碍的主要策略就是实施肾脏病康复计划(renal rehabilitation program，RRP)，使CKD患者达到最佳的职业潜能、功能状态及生活质量(quality of life，QOL)。然而，我国CKD患者的RRP起步相对较晚，肾内科医护人员康复治疗专业知识不足，多数CKD管理中心并未对患者提供必要的RRP，目前尚缺乏统一的CKD患者功能评估和康复训练服务规范。本规范有利于指导CKD管理中心开展RRP，并能帮助已经开展RRP的中心进一步规范RRP的实施。 

Functional assessment and rehabilitation service specifications for patients with chronic kidney disease

With the decline of renal function, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) will encount different degrees of dysfunction, which greatly increases the risk of poor prognosis and brings economical and nursing burden to the family and society. The main strategy is to implement the renal rehabilitation program (RRP) to enable patients with CKD to achieve the best occupational potential, functional status and quality of life. However, the RRP of CKD patients in China started relatively late, and the professional knowledge of rehabilitation treatment of medical staff in Nephrology Department is insufficient. Moreover, most CKD management centres do not provide necessary RRP for patients. Currently, unified standards for functional assessment and rehabilitation training services specification for CKD patients are lacking. This specification is conducive to guiding CKD management centres to carry out RRP, and help centres that have already conducted RRP to further standardise its implementation.