上海地区猪鸡源大肠埃希菌耐药性及ESBLs基因研究

摘要： 目的 了解上海地区猪鸡源大肠埃希菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药情况和超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)耐药基因流行分 布情况。方法 收集2016—2019年上海地区猪鸡源大肠埃希菌1152株；采用微量肉汤稀释法测定其对5种β-内酰胺类药物敏感 性及产ESBLs情况；对产ESBLs菌株进行荧光定量PCR扩增，检测其耐药基因分布情况。结果 1152株大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林 的耐药率最高，为72.8%，对美罗培南的耐药率最低，为0.5%，产ESBLs大肠埃希菌检出率为6.3%；2016—2019年，耐药率与 产ESBLs大肠埃希菌检出率均有降低；产ESBLs大肠埃希菌中检出耐药基因blaTEM(61.1%)、blaCTX-M(55.5%)和blaSHV(5.5%)。结 论 2016—2019年，上海地区猪鸡源大肠埃希菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药率有所降低，整体耐药情况向好，产ESBLs大肠埃希菌 分离率较低，且基因型以blaTEM和blaCTX-M为主。仍需持续关注产ESBLs等特殊耐药菌的耐药性，掌握流行变迁趋势。

Antimicrobial resistance and distribution of ESBLs genes of Escherichia coli from swine and chicken in Shanghai

Abstract Objective To find out the current situation of β-lactams resistance and prevalence of extendedspectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes of Escherichia coli from swine and chicken in Shanghai. Methods A total of 1,152 Escherichia coli strains were isolated from swine and chickens in Shanghai from 2016 to 2019. The broth microdilution method was used to test the sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolates to five β-lactams and the existence of ESBLs. Quantitative Real-time PCR was done to analyze the distribution of ESBLs genes of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli isolates. Results The resistance rate of 1,152 Escherichia coli isolates to ampicillin was the highest(72.8%), and the resistance rate to meropenem was the lowest(0.5%), and the separation rate of ESBLsproducing Escherichia coli was 6.3%. The resistance rate and separation rate of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli declined from 2016 to 2019; blaTEM(61.1%), blaCTX-M(55.5%), and blaSHV(5.5%)were detected within these ESBLsproducing strains. Conclusion The resistance rate to β-lactams of Escherichia coli isolated from swine and chicken in Shanghai declined from 2016 to 2019, and the situation of AMR turned to be better. The separation rate of ESBLsproducing Escherichia coli was low and the main ESBLs genes were blaTEM and blaCTX-M. There is the need to keep monitoring the AMR of special bacteria like ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli to know the evolution trend well.