2016—2020 年江苏省金湖县国家级血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

目的 了解 2016—2020 年江苏省金湖县国家级血吸虫病监测点疫情动态,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法 根据《全国血吸虫病监测方案(2014 版)》要求,每年在监测点开展螺情监测、人群病情监测、家畜病情监测,同时统计防治措施落实情况。 结果 2016—2020 年在金湖县国家级血吸虫病监测点对 10 个环境累计调查 34 次,调查框数 47 231 框,查螺面积 1 286. 68 hm²,未查出钉螺。 累计血清学检查常住居民 1 546 人·次,DDIA 阳性 22人·次,阳性率 0. 65% ~ 2. 95%;IHA 阳性 23 人·次,阳性率 0. 97% ~ 1. 97%;粪检 38 人·次,未发现阳性。 累计检查流动人群 1 031 人·次,DDIA 阳性 18 人·次,阳性率 0. 50% ~ 2. 48%;IHA 阳性 16 人·次,阳性率 0. 50% ~2. 40%;粪检 32 人·次,未发现阳性。 流动人群主动监测 DDIA 阳性率 0~ 1. 58%,IHA 阳性率为 0 ~ 1. 58%;被动监测 DDIA 阳性率为 0~ 15. 00%,IHA 阳性率 3. 03% ~ 12. 50%。 检查家畜 159 头,未发现血吸虫阳性。 累计药物灭螺152. 26 hm²,化疗 38 人·次,健康教育 10 800 人·次。 结论 金湖县国家级血吸虫病监测点疫情较为稳定,但传播风险仍然存在,应加强监测,巩固防治成果。

Analysis on the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Jinhu County from 2016 to 2020

Objective To understand the epidemic status of schistosomiasis in Jinhu County of Jiangsu Province from 2016 to 2020 for scientific evidences to develop targeted prevention and control measures. Methods According to the requirements of National Schistosomiasis Monitoring Scheme(2014 Edition),we conducted annual monitoring over the prevalence of snails,and schistosomiasis in population and livestock in the surveillance sites. Meanwhile,the implementation of prevention and control measures was reviewed. Results Totally,34 surveys were conducted in 10 environments within the national surveillance sites in Jinhu County from 2016 to 2020. No snails were found in 47 231 frames,with an area of 1 286. 68 hm² surveyed. Serological tests were performed in a total of 1 546 permanent residents / times,which revealed positive DDIA in 22 people / times,with a positive rate of 0. 65% ~ 2. 95%. Positive IHA was found in 23 persons / times,with a positive rate of 0. 97% ~ 1. 97%. Fecal examination was carried in 38 persons / times,which showed no positive findings. A total of 1 031 floating people underwent examination,which indicated positive DDIA and IHA in 18 and 16,with a positive rate of 0. 50% ~2. 48%,and 0. 50% ~ 2. 40%, respectively. Fecal examination conducted in 32 floating people showed no positive results. The positive rate for DDIA and IHA was 0 ~ 1. 58% and 0 ~ 1. 58%,and 0 ~ 15. 00% and 3. 03% ~ 12. 50%,respectively in floating population received active or passive monitoring. No schistosomiasis was detected in the 159 livestock examined. The total of 152. 26 hm² snail area was controlled by using molluscicides,38 persons / times underwent chemotherapy with praziquantel,and 10 800 persons / times received health education. Conclusion The epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Jinhu County remains relatively stable,yet the risk of transmission still exists,suggesting that surveillance should be strengthened in order to consolidate the previous efforts.