电针干预对透镜诱导型近视豚鼠睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3及Col3α1表达的影响

目的　探讨电针干预对透镜诱导型近视豚鼠睫状肌中基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-3、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂（TIMP）-3和III型胶原α1（Col3α1）表达的影响。方法　2周龄三色豚鼠90只随机分为正常对照（NC）组、透镜诱导型近视（LIM）组以及LIM+电针干预（LIM+EA）组；其中，NC组豚鼠不作任何干预，LIM组和LIM+EA组豚鼠右眼均配戴-6.00 D透镜作为造模眼，左眼不戴镜作为自身对照；LIM+EA组豚鼠右眼戴镜的同时在太阳、合谷穴给予电针刺激。各组豚鼠于造模后1周、2周和4周均进行屈光度和眼轴长度测量，制备病理组织切片观察各组豚鼠睫状肌的形态变化，并应用q-PCR和酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测各组豚鼠睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1的 mRNA及蛋白表达。结果　造模后1周、2周和4周，与NC组相比，LIM组豚鼠造模眼与自身对照眼近视屈光度和眼轴长度的差值均显著增加（均为P<0.001）；与LIM组相比，LIM+EA组造模眼与自身对照眼近视屈光度和眼轴长度的差值均减小（均为P<0.05）。病理组织切片结果发现，NC组豚鼠睫状肌纤维排列均匀、紧密有序；LIM组豚鼠睫状肌纤维排列松散混乱、有机纤维溶解断裂；LIM+EA组豚鼠睫状肌纤维排列相较于LIM组更为有序，相对完整。q-PCR和ELISA检测结果显示，造模后1周和2周，与NC组相比,LIM组豚鼠造模眼睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1 mRNA及蛋白相对表达水平均明显升高（均为P<0.05）；与LIM组相比，LIM+EA组豚鼠造模眼睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1 mRNA及蛋白相对表达水平均明显下降（均为P<0.05）。造模后4周，与NC组相比,LIM组豚鼠造模眼睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1 mRNA及蛋白相对表达水平均降低（均为P<0.05）；与LIM组相比，LIM+EA组豚鼠造模眼睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1 mRNA及蛋白相对表达水平均升高（均为P<0.05）。结论　近视发展初期，电针干预可显著下调透镜诱导型近视豚鼠睫状肌中MMP-3、TIMP-3和Col3α1的表达，明显延缓近视的发生发展。

Effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 and type III alpha 1 collagen in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia

Objective　To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) and type III alpha (1) collagen (Col3α1) in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia.Methods　Ninety 2-week-old tricolor guinea pigs were randomly divided into the normal control (NC) group, lens-induced myopia (LIM) group and lens-induced myopia+electroacupuncture (LIM+EA) group. Guinea pigs in the NC group did not receive any intervention, while the right eyes of guinea pigs in the LIM and LIM+EA groups wore -6.00 D lens as model eyes, and the left eyes did not wear any lens as self-control eyes. Besides, guinea pigs in the LIM + EA group received electroacupuncture at Taiyang and Hegu acupoints. The diopter and axial length of guinea pigs in each group were measured at week 1, 2 and 4 after modeling. Pathological tissue sections were prepared to observe the morphological changes of the ciliary muscle, and the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the ciliary muscle were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.Results　At week 1, 2 and 4 after modeling, the difference of diopter and axial length between the model eyes (right eyes) and the self-control eyes (left eyes) in the LIM group was significantly higher than that in the NC group (all P<0.001), while the difference of diopter and axial length between the model eyes and the self-control eyes in the LIM+EA group was lower than that in the LIM group (all P<0.05). Pathological tissue sections showed that the ciliary muscle fibers of guinea pigs in the NC group were arranged uniformly and tightly, while the arrangement in the LIM group was loose and chaotic, and the organic fibers were dissolved and broken. Compared with the LIM group, ciliary muscle fibers in the LIM+EA group were arranged more orderly and completely. The q-PCR and ELISA results showed that, at week 1 and 2 after modeling, the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs in the LIM group were significantly higher than those in the NC group (all P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the LIM+EA group were significantly lower than those in the LIM group (all P<0.05). At week 4 after modeling, the mRNA and protein relative expression levels of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs in the LIM group were lower than those in the NC group (all P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the LIM+EA group were higher than those in the LIM group (all P<0.05).Conclusion　In the early stage of myopia, electroacupuncture can significantly reduce the expression levels of MMP-3, TIMP-3 and Col3α1 in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia, delaying the development of myopia.