并发症体验式教育在低学历2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果观察

  目的  糖尿病认知水平低下是阻碍我国糖尿病患者血糖达标的重要原因之一。而糖尿病教育是血糖管理的核心，是患者认知程度提升的关键环节。因此，本研究旨在引入新型糖尿病教育模式，探索传统模式教育联合并发症体验式教育对低学历2型糖尿病认知水平及血糖调控的影响。  方法  选择2019年6—10月就诊于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院的初中及初中以下的低学历2型糖尿病患者88例，使用随机数字表法分为对照组(44例，传统糖尿病健康教育)和观察组(44例，传统健康教育联合并发症体验)。采集全部研究对象的年龄、性别、病程、腰围、体重指数等基本资料，检测血糖、糖化血红蛋白等生化指标，利用各种教具如背心、沙袋、特殊塑料肾脏模型、特制眼镜、针织手套、弹力手套、海绵垫等实现多种糖尿病并发症体验感受，以管理行为量表得分作为自我行为判定的方法。评估患者认知水平和血糖控制疗效，采用SPSS 24.0统计学软件进行统计学处理分析。  结果  2组患者基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。观察组糖尿病的自我管理行为量表得分显著高于对照组，血糖控制效果均显著优于对照组(均P＜0.05)。  结论  采用传统健康教育联合并发症体验式教育可提高糖尿病患者的自我管理能力，对血糖调控产生积极的效果。 

Effect of experience-based education on complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with low educational background

  Objective  To introduce a new diabetes education model and explored the impact of the traditional education model combined with experiential complication education on the cognitive level and blood glucose regulation of type 2 diabetes patients with low educational background.  Methods  A total of 88 cases of type 2 diabetes patients with low educational background who visited our department from June to October in 2019 were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 44 cases in each group. They were rand only divided into the control group (traditional diabetes health education) and experimental group (traditional health education combined with complication experience). Age, gender, duration, waist circumference and body mass index were collected as basic data. Blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin were tested. Vest, sand bags, special plastic model of kidney, special glass gloves, knitted gloves, elastic and cushions were used as teaching aid for complication experience of diabetes. Self-management behaviour scale and biochemical indicators were used to evaluate the effects of cognition and blood glucose control. SPSS software 24.0 was used for statistical analysis.  Results  No difference in baseline data was found between the two groups (all P < 0.05). The cognition, coping ability, healthy behaviour adoption and blood glucose control effect of the experimental group were significantly better than that of the control group (all P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The traditional health education combined with complication experience education can improve the self-management ability of diabetic patients, which has positive effects on blood glucose regulation.