人工智能在全科医学领域的应用

人工智能的概念从提出到现在虽然只有65年的时间，但已进入蓬勃发展期。人工智能技术目前广泛应用于金融、医疗、安防、交通、教育、自动驾驶等多个领域。近年来全球频繁出现的“大健康”、云计算、医疗大数据等概念，也推动着人工智能在医疗领域的快速发展；目前人工智能在电子病历、医学影像识别、疾病风险预测、健康管理、辅助诊断及药物研发等方面取得了丰硕的成果。2017年国务院印发《新一代人工智能发展规划》，提出推广应用人工智能治疗新模式新手段，建立快速精准的智能医疗体系，智能医疗受到了极高的重视，并预测智能医疗将占人工智能总体市场规模的1/5。从20世纪80年代末期开始，在政府的大力推动下，我国全科医学正式成立并得到了长足的发展；2011年国务院出台《关于建立全科医生制度的指导意见》，我国全科医学进入快速发展阶段，全科医学服务模式在基层逐渐推广；2018年国务院印发《关于促进“互联网+”医疗健康发展的意见》，提出探索智能健康管理及智能养老社区服务体系建设，优化及推进“互联网+”家庭医生签约、教育及科普服务。本文从全科医疗服务、家庭医生签约、分级诊疗、全科医生培训、社区公共卫生服务5个方面对人工智能在全科医学领域中的应用发展现状进行总结，分析目前面临的挑战，并对未来发展前景进行展望。 

Application of artificial intelligence applications in general practice

Artificial intelligence (AI) has entered a period of vigorous development although it has only 65 years since its inception. AI technology is currently widely used in finance, medical care, security, transportation, education, autonomous driving, and so on. In recent years, the concepts of 'big health', cloud computing, and medical big data have frequently appeared in the world, which have also promoted the accelerated development of AI in the medical field, such as electronic medical records, medical image recognition, disease risk prediction, health management, auxiliary diagnosis, and drug research. In 2017, the State Council issued the "New Generation AI Development Plan", which proposed to promote the application of new models and new methods of AI treatment, and establish a fast and precision medical system. Intelligent medical has received extremely high attention, and it is predicted that intelligent medical will account for 1/5 of the overall AI. Since the late 1980s, under the vigorous promotion of the government, general practice (GP) has been formally established and has achieved considerable development in China. In 2011, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Establishing a General Practitioner regime", and the GP has entered a rapid pace. In the development stage, the GP service model is gradually promoted at the grassroots level. In 2018, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Development of ' Internet +' medical health", which proposed to explore the construction of intelligent health management and intelligent elderly community service system, optimize and promote "Internet +" family doctor contract, education and popular science services. This article summarizes the application and development status of AI in GP as follows, GP service, family doctor contract, grading diagnosis and treatment, general practitioner training, and community public health services, and also analyzes the current challenges, and finally look forward to the future development prospects.