2014-2017年山西省沙门氏菌分子分型及耐药性研究

目的 了解山西省食源性疾病主动监测中沙门氏菌的药物敏感性,并对耐喹诺酮类药物的沙门氏菌进行了耐药基因与分子分型研究,为沙门氏菌临床治疗提供科学依据并初步了解沙门氏菌的耐药机制。方法 对 2014-2017年山西省食源性疾病主动监测病例中分离到的沙门氏菌进行血清学分型、药物敏感性试验以及对耐喹诺酮类药物的沙门氏菌进行耐药基因检测及脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分子分型。结果 137株沙门氏菌经诊断血清凝集后共分为16个血清型,主要为肠炎沙门氏菌51株、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌47株、其他沙门氏菌39株。 137株沙门氏菌对萘啶酸的耐药率最高,为56.93%;其次为四环素,耐药率为34.31%;对头孢噻肟、庆大霉素及头孢西丁的耐药率较低,分别为8.03%、5.84%及0.73%。对萘啶酸耐药的78株沙门氏菌,进行gyrA基因和parC基因点突变的测定,发现对萘啶酸耐药的沙门氏菌gyrA基因与parC基因检出点突变129个。51株肠炎沙门氏菌的相似度在70.6%~100%, 21株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的相似度在58.9%~100%。结论 山西省沙门氏菌以肠炎沙门氏菌与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为主。本地区沙门氏菌萘啶酸耐药情况最为严重,需要加强对沙门氏菌耐药的监测及喹诺酮类药物耐药机制的研究。

Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing of Salmonella in Shanxi Province during 2014-2017

This study determined the drug sensitivity of Salmonella in active surveillance of food-borne diseases in Shanxi Province and examined the gene and molecular typing of quinolone-resistant Salmonella to provide a scientific basis for the clinical treatment of Salmonella and a preliminary understanding of the Salmonella drug resistance mechanism. Salmonella isolated from active surveillance cases of food-borne disease in Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2017 were analyzed by serological typing, drug sensitivity tests, quinolone resistance gene detection and pulsed field gel electrophoresis molecular typing. A total of 137 Salmonella strains were classified into 16 serotypes, including 51 strains of Salmonella enteritidis, 47 strains of Salmonella typhimurium and 39 strains of other Salmonella. The resistance rate of 137 strains of Salmonella to nalidixic acid was the highest (56.93%) and was followed by tetracycline (34.31%). Lower resistance rates were found to cefotaxime (8.03%), gentamicin (5.84%) and cefoxitin (0.73%). The gyrA and parC gene point mutations were detected in 78 Salmonella strains resistant to nalidixic acid, and 129 gyrA and parC gene point mutations were found. The similarity of 51 strains of Salmonella enteritidis ranged from 70.6% to 100%, and that of 21 strains of Salmonella typhimurium ranged from 58.9% to 100%. Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium were the main serotypes in Shanxi Province. The drug resistance of Salmonella to nalidixic acid was most severe in this area. More attention should be paid to the surveillance of the drug resistance of Salmonella and the study of the mechanism of quinolone resistance.