北京市东城区牙科X射线机性能及防护检测评价

目的 掌握北京市东城区牙科X射线机质量控制的基本状况，探讨辐射防护中存在的问题，为加强放射防护监管提供依据。方法 依据牙科X射线设备质量控制检测规范（WS 581—2017）对东城区18家医疗机构中的牙科X射线机进行检测和评价。结果 41台牙科X射线机总体合格率为92.68%，进口设备的合格率为100%，国产设备检测合格率为76.92%。6个性能检测指标中，“加载时间偏离”指标合格率为92.68%，“管电压指示的偏离”合格率为95.12%，其余性能指标合格率均为100%；机房防护水平全部合格。结论 北京市东城区牙科X射线机总体运行情况良好，但个别机构重视机房的放射防护，忽视口腔设备的质量控制检测。建议卫生行政部门、监管机构要加强对WS 581—2017标准的宣贯和普及力度，强化监督检查，加大处罚力度，提高各机构人员对牙科X射线机质量控制工作的重视程度，共同维护放射人员和公众的健康。

Investigation on quality control and radiation protection of dental X-ray equipment in Beijing Dongcheng District

Objective To investigate the status of quality control of dental X-ray equipment in Beijing Dongcheng District, to explore the problems involved in radiation protection.Methods 41 medical dental X-ray machines were detected in Beijing Dongcheng District in accordance with Specification for testing of quality control in dental X-ray equipment (WS 581—2017).Results The qualified rate was higher in imported machines (100%) than that in domestic machines (76.92%), the overall qualified rate was 92.68%. In performance detection, the qualified rates were 100% except for the deviation of loading time (92.68%) and tube voltage (95.12%). No leakage was detected in 41 dental institutes.Conclusion The overall status of dental X-ray machines was good in Beijing Dongcheng District. More attention was paid to shield protection than to quality control of dental X-ray machines. Therefore, health administration should take measures to strengthen advocation of WS 581—2017, and improve radiation protection through routine equipment performance test, supervision of X-ray protection and radiation health education.