慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者CAT评分与肺功能及血气分析等指标的相关性分析

  目的  探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD，以下简称慢阻肺)患者肺功能、血气分析、肺动脉收缩压与慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(COPD assessment test，CAT)评分的关系。   方法  将六安市人民医院呼吸内科2019年9—12月收治的106例COPD患者按照CAT评分法进行疾病状态评定，分为病情轻微组(11例)、中等组(28例)、严重组(41例)、非常严重组(26例)，比较不同疾病状态下COPD患者的肺功能，包括第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second，FEV1)、一秒率FEV1/用力肺活量(forced vital capacity，FVC)]、呼气流量峰值(peak expiratory flow，PEF), 血气分析氧分压(PaO₂)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO₂)], 肺动脉收缩压(systolic pulmonary artery pressure, sPAP)的差异，探讨各指标与CAT评分的相关性。   结果  CAT评分越低的患者，肺功能各项指标(FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF)越高(均P < 0.05)；患者CAT评分越低，PaO₂越高，PaCO₂越低(均P < 0.05)，sPAP也越低(P < 0.05)；尤其在CAT评分>20分的患者，上述差异尤其明显。Pearson相关分析显示，FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF、PaO₂与CAT评分呈负相关，PaCO₂、sPAP与CAT评分呈正相关。   结论  COPD患者的CAT评分与肺功能、肺动脉收缩压、血气分析指标之间存在相关性，说明CAT评分可以有效预测COPD患者的换气和通气功能障碍，评价患者的肺功能情况。 

Correlation analysis of CAT score with lung function and blood gas analysis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

  Objective  To investigate the relationship between pulmonary function, blood gas analysis, pulmonary systolic pressure and CAT score in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).   Methods  Total 106 patients with COPD admitted to the Department of Perspiratory Medicine of Lu'an People's Hospital from September to December 2019 were classified into mild group (11 cases), moderate group (28 cases), severe group (41 cases) and very severe group (26 cases) according to CAT score. The pulmonary function of COPD patients in different disease states, including FEV1, FVC, PEF, PaO₂, PaCO₂, and sPAP were compared, and the correlation between each index and CAT score was discussed.   Results  The lower the cat score, the lung function indexes were higher (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF) (all P < 0.05); The lower cat score was, the PaO₂ was higher, the PaCO₂ was lower (all P < 0.05), and the sPAP was lower (P < 0.05); Especially in patients with cat score >20, the above differences were particularly significant. Pearson correlation analysis shown that FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, PEF% and PaO₂ were negatively correlated with CAT score, while PaCO₂ and sPAP were positively correlated with CAT score.   Conclusion  The CAT score of COPD patients was correlated with pulmonary function, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and blood gas analysis. It is proved that CAT score can effectively predict the air exchange dysfunction and ventilation dysfunction of COPD patients, and evaluate the pulmonary function of COPD patients.