电离辐射出血综合征的研究现状

电离辐射引起的出血,涉及原因多,机制较复杂,救治困难;出血更是电离辐射后患者死亡的主要原因之一。本文从血小板异常、凝血障碍、血管受损等方面,综述了电离辐射出血综合征的病理生理机制;从出血程度、出血时间、出血部位等方面,阐述了电离辐射出血综合征的临床特点;结合实验研究结果,提出了治疗电离辐射出血综合征的思路与可能途径,关键因素是尽快促进巨核细胞的恢复和快速产生血小板。

Current research status of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome

Bleeding caused by ionizing radiation involves many factors, the mechanism is complicated and the management is difficult. Bleeding is recognized as one of the main causes of death after ionizing radiation. In this paper, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome (IRBS) from the aspects of platelet abnormality, coagulation disorder and vascular damage. Besides, we expound the clinical characteristics of IRBS in terms of the degree, time and site of the bleeding. Combined with experimental results, we put forward ideas and possible approaches for the treatment of IRBS, and the key factor is to promote the recovery of megakaryocytes and rapid platelet production after radiation exposure.