Patellar Height After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Comparison of 3 Methods

Background

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the gold standard procedure for knee osteoarthritis. However, there have been conflicting reports concerning whether TKA is associated with modifications in patellar height. This controversy might be partially explained by the diversity of methods used to measure patellar height. Therefore, we aimed at assessing the reproducibility of 3 radiological indices commonly used to evaluate patellar height—Insall-Salvati (IS), Blackburne-Peel (BP), and Caton-Deschamps (CD) ratios. Additionally, we aimed at evaluating the short-term differences between preoperative and postoperative patellar heights as measured by those 3 methods.

Methods

Patellar heights were blindly measured by 2 researchers using IS, BP, and CD ratios in 203 knees. Interobserver agreement was evaluated by determination of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Preoperative and postoperative patellar heights were compared with Wilcoxon test. The association between postoperative pain and modifications in patellar height was assessed using Mann-Whitney U test.

Results

High interobserver agreement was found for IS (preoperative and postoperative ICC = 0.93), BP (preoperative ICC = 0.89; postoperative ICC = 0.91), and CD (preoperative ICC = 0.89; postoperative ICC = 0.90) ratios. Preoperative and postoperative patellar heights were not significantly different whatever the method used. Postoperative pain was reported after 23% procedures and was significantly associated with wider patellar height variations as measured by the BP ratio (P = .018).

Conclusion

The methods evaluated appear to be reproducible. Although patellar height tended to be lower when measured postoperatively, this difference was not significant for any of the methods studied.