大庆地区994例肝硬化患者临床流行病学分析

目的通过分析2000—2005年大庆地区综合医院消化内科肝硬化病人的病例资料，找出肝硬化的常见病因、并发症和病死率，为进一步防治肝硬化提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对大庆地区三家医院消化科2000—2005年6年间住院确诊为肝硬化的994例病历资料进行分析。结果本组患者男：女为3．01：1；发病年龄24—83岁，41-70岁为高发年龄段；6年来大庆地区肝硬化的发病构成比无明显变化。病因以病毒性肝炎最多见，占74．45％，其中与乙型肝炎相关肝硬化占70．32％；洒精性肝炎为第二位，占21．93％；病毒性肝炎和／或酒精性肝炎发生的肝硬化占肝硬化发病率的96．38％。肝硬化患者就诊的主要原因是发生腹水（30．58％）和上消化道出血（39．03％）。肝硬化最常见的并发症是上消化道出血（42．96％）。最常见的死亡原因是上消化道出血（47．55％）。结论病毒性肝炎和酒精性肝炎是大庆地区肝硬化的主要病因，防治病毒性肝炎，减低饮酒量是预防肝硬化的重要手段。积极防治肝硬化并发症是提高患者生活质量，延长患者生命最重要的环节。

An Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of 994 Patients with Liver cirrhosis in Daqing

Objective Analyze the case of 994 in-patients with liver cirrhosis in the department of digestive diseases of polyclinic in Daqing,from 2000 to 2005.Bring forward its familiar pathogeny,complication of cirrhosis and its fatality rate,for offering basis for more prevent liver cirrhosis.Methods Adopting the retrospection survey means,to diagnoses the 994 cases' history data in the department of digestive diseases of three hospitals of Daqing during past six years.Results Male/female ratio is equal to 3.01:1.The age is from 24 to 83.41 to 70 is frequent.The onset constituent ratio of liver cirrhosis have no prominence change in six years.Virus hepatitis is the most common pathogeny(74.75%).70.32% cases were correlative with hepatitis B.The second one is Alcoholic hepatitis(21.93%).96.38% cases suffered from virus hepatitis and/or alcoholic hepatitis.The main reason of seeing a doctor was ascites(30.58%) and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(39.03%).The most common complication of cirrhosis is upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(42.96%).The most common cause of death is upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(47.55%).Conclusion Virus hepatitis and Alcoholic hepatitis are the most familiar pathogeny of liver cirrhosis in Daqing.Therefore to prevent cirrhosis,it is important to prevent and cure virus hepatitis and decrease capacity of alcoholic.The most important point is preventing the complication of liver cirrhosis for improving and sustainning life.