番禺区人群B型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疫苗接种情况及影响因素调查

目的了解番禺区人群Hib疾病免疫状况及影响因素，为预防和控制Hib疾病提供基础资料和科学依据。方法随机抽取番禺区一个城区疫苗接种门诊和两个乡镇疫苗接种门诊，对所有带儿童到接种点接种的监护人进行既往Hib疫苗免疫状况及影响因素的问卷调查。结果儿童监护人对Hib疾病的了解程度比较低．城区和乡镇均为35％左右；城区儿童监护人对Hib疫苗的了解明显比乡镇高（P=0．000），分别为65.3％和38．4％：城区的Hib疫苗接种率明显比乡镇接种率高（P=0．000），分别为72．4％和36．2％。影响Hib疫苗接种态度的因素主要为疫苗的效果，经医生介绍后儿童监护人对接种Hib疫苗的积极性都较好，城区和乡镇分别达到94．5％和80．4％。结论Hib疫苗的接种率比较低，主要是因为儿童监护人对Hib疾病和疫苗的认识不足，应加强宣传教育，提高儿童监护人接种Hib疫苗的意识。

Immunization of Haemophilus Influenza Type B （Hib） among People Living in Panyu County of Guangzhou City

Objective To evaluate the immune status of people living in Panyu County, Guangzhou city, and to provide scientific evidence for preventing and controlling of Hib. Method Outpatient clinics were randomly selected from one district and two villages for this study. Questionnaire type survey was conducted in the clinics to determine parents＇ attitudes to immunization and the immunization history of their children. Result Most of the parents had little knowledge about Hib infection. The percentage of parent showing the awareness of Hib infection was 35%.Parents living in the district are more aware of Hib immunization （65.3%） than the parents lining in the villages （38.4% ,P=0.000）. The Hib immunization rate in the district （72.4%） was also higher than the children living in the villages （36.2% ,P=0.000）. Effectiveness of the vaccine is the major concern of their parents. Physicians＇ recommendation can help the parents to increase their understanding on the benflt of Hib vaccination （94.5% in the district and 80.4% in the villages）. Conclusion The Hib immunization coverage rate is relatively low in these areas. The main reason is that the parents have little knowledge of Hib infection and the benefit of Hib immunization. Education of the parents and general public may increase the awareness of Hib infection.