不规则抗体的筛查和鉴定在临床输血中的意义

目的检查有输血史或妊娠史的患者血清（浆）中的不规则抗体，降低或避免溶血性输血反应的发生。方法用微柱凝胶coombs IgG卡对6486例有输血史或妊娠史患者的血标本进行不规则抗体筛查和鉴定，将不规则抗体阳性的标本用coombs IgG卡进行交叉配血。结果不规则抗体阳性24例，阳性率0．37％。其中，抗-D3例，抗-E4例，抗-C2例，抗-A1 1例，抗-M2例，抗-EC2例，抗-Cc 1例，抗-JKa 2例，抗-JK^b1例，抗-FY^a2例，抗-Le^a 1例，非特异性抗体3例。结论不规则抗体筛查能有效降低或避免溶血性输血反应的发生，保证输血安全，对有输血史和妊娠史的患者尤为重要。

Clinical Significance of Screening and Identification of Irregular Antibodies in Patient Serum

Objective To analyze irregular antibodies in the serum samples from patients with a history of blood transfusion or pregnancy for the prevention of hemolytic transfusion reaction. Methods 6 486 blood samples were screened and identified using the Grifols Diagnostic Micro-column IgG Card. Positive samples were cross-matched with Grifols Diagnostic Micro-column IgG Card. Results 24 samples （0.37%） were found positive： 3 cases of anti-D, 4 cases of anti-E, 2 cases of anti-C, 1 case of anti-A1, 2 cases of anti-M, 2 cases of anti-EC, 1 case of anti-Cc, 2 cases of anti-JKa, 1 case of anti-JKb, 2 cases of anti-FYa, 1 case of anti-Lea and 3 cases of non-specificity antibody. Conclusion Screening of irregular antibodies can effectively reduce the incidence of hemolytic transfusion reaction. It is especially important for the patients with a history of blood transfusion or pregnancy.