耐火材料厂矽尘作业工人肺癌流行病学研究

本文对冶金系统十一个耐火材料厂的矽砖、粘土砖制造工人的肺癌进行了回顾性队列研究。队列由６２６６名男性工人组成，观察期为１９６３年１月１日至１９８５年１２月３１日，在此２３年期间共累积１３０７３０人年。以全国不同地区的十个大、中型钢铁企业的钢坯初轧厂１１４７０名男性职工在１９７１年至１９８５年间的年龄别、死因别死亡率为标准，计算各项死因的标化率比（ＳＭＲ）。矽尘作业人群的肺癌显示超量发生（ＳＲＲ为１

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF LUNG CANCER AMONG WORKERS EXPOSED TOSLLICA DUST IN REFRACTORY PLANTS

A retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted for Lung cancer among silica and clay brick making workers in eleven refractory plants in China's metallurgical industry. The cohort was studied over an observation period of 23 years,from Jan.1,1963 to Dec. 31, 1985,and consisted of 6226 male workers, with an accumlation of 130730 person-years. The standardized rate ratios (SRRs) from selected causes of death were calculated by comparing age and cause-specific mortali.ty rates with rates of a population of 11470 male workers of 10 rough rolling mills in steel corporations in different parts of this country. The excess risk from lung cancer was shown in the silicadust-exposed population. The SRR was 1. 49(P<0. 01). The increased lung cancer risk was shown merely in the silicotics as the population was divided into two large groups, silicotics and nonsilicotics. No excess risk from lung cancer was found in the nonsilicotics.A significant increasing excess lung cancer risk with increasing latency(years since first exposure ) was found, suggesting that the excess risk is possibly related with occupational exposure to silica dust. The excess lung cancer risk among nonsmokers in the silicotics group was similar to that among smokers in the same group. In the nonsilicotics,however,in despite of smokers or nosmokers,no excess risk from lung cancer was shown. The increasing tendency of the excess from corpulmonale and pulmonary tuberculosis with the increase of severity of sillicosis was obvious. Excess mortality from these diseases was not shown among nonsillicotics, The excess risk from lung cancer was shown in both the groups of silica and clay brick workers,and the excess risk in the former was larger than that of the latter.