儿童乙肝疫苗加强免疫效果观察

目的：通过比较5周岁儿童加强乙肝免疫对乙肝疫苗初免人群抗－HBs水平和HBsAg携带率的影响，评价5周岁儿童乙肝疫苗加强免疫的效果。方法：采用ELISA检测HBsAg、抗－HBc,RIA定量检测抗－HBs，比较观察5周岁儿童乙肝疫苗加强免疫组和未加强免疫组乙肝免疫水平。结果：初免5周岁儿童普遍进行加强免疫，可使人群抗体水平超时间（3年）明显提高，使抗－HBs阳性率及滴度水平持续时间延长，但人群乙肝病毒感染率6年观察期内与未加强免疫组无明显差异。结论：提示在基础免疫5年后普遍实施加强乙肝免疫未能进一步降低人群乙肝病毒感染率。

Study on the Effect of Strengthening Immunization with Hepatitis B Vaccine in Children

Objective To assess the effect of strengthening immunization for hepatitis B in 5 year old children by comparing the anti HBs and the rate of HBsAg carrier in the children performed strengthening immunization to those in the children performed only the first immunization. Methods The immunization levels of hepatitis B between the group of strengthening immunization and the control group were observed by detecting HBsAg and anti HBc with ELISA and anti HBs with RIA. Results Strengthening immunization in 5 year old children helped to significantly improve the antibody level of the population in short time(three years) and lengthen the lasting time for the positive rate of anti HBs and its titer. However, there was no significantly difference on the infective rates of hepatitis B between strengthening group and the control group in the 6 year period. Conclusions It could be concluded that strengthening immunization of hepatitis B vaccine five years after the basic immunization can not reduce the infective rate of the population.