HIV感染者不同时期艾滋病知识及高危性行为变化的调查

目的 了解HIV感染者接受HIV检测阳性告知后不同时期艾滋病知识和高危性行为改变情况,为进一步做好HIV感染者的行为干预提供依据. 方法 采用方便抽样法,对云南、广西两地四县(区)于2006年1月初至2008年6月底期间通过网络直报上报到艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统,并且血清HIV抗体确认实验阳性或替代策略Ⅱ阳性且完成首次随访的HIV感染者进行调查,在2008年7月至2009年1月进行问卷调查,调查内容为一般情况、艾滋病相关知识和高危性行为等. 结果 2006年1月至2008年6月期间共889名HIV感染者接受了HIV阳性检测结果告知,其中以2008年1月至6月接受告知的HIV感染者比例最高(32.2%).单因素logistic回归分析结果显示,知晓HIV检测阳性结果后1.5～2.0年组和0.5～1.0年组艾滋病知识知晓率之间的差异有统计学意义(X~2=5.86,P＜0.05),两组过去6个月性行为发生频次之间的差异亦有统计学意义(X~2=8.93,P＜0.01),且HIV感染者在知晓阳性结果后使用安全套的比例,会随着时间的延长而降低(X~2=11.92,P＜0.01). 结论 HIV感染者在接受HIV检测阳性结果告知后,不同时期内艾滋病相关知识和危险性行为均有相应的变化.完善HIV检测咨询和阳性结果告知后的服务,在HIV感染者接受HIV检测阳性结果告知后2年进行1次随访,加强艾滋病方面的预防干预可降低高危性行为,防止HIV二代传播.

Study on changes in AHDS awareness and sexual risk behaviors among HIV infection people in different stages

Objective To understand AIDS awareness and sexual risk behaviors among people with HIV/AIDS infection in different stages afterthey know their HIV seropositive status, and to provide the base of intervention for HIV infection. Methods Convenient sampling was used to investigate people who were HIV positive from January 2006 to June 2008. The survey was taken between July 2008 and January 2009 to understand demographic characteristics, AIDS awareness, HIV testing and informing service, sexual risk behaviors. Results 889 subjects with HIV infection have been tested and informed of HIV seropositive from January 2006 to June 2008, among them, the highest proportion(32.2%)were tested and informed from January to June 2008. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that variables in 1.5-2.0 years group after respondents knew their HIV infection status was significantly higher than 0.5-1.0 years group (X~2=5.86, P＜0.05), and there was different in frequency of sexual behavior in past 6 months(X~2 = 8.93, P＜0.01), condom use decreased with the length of time after the people knew their HIV infection status (X~2=6.84, P＜0.01). Conclusions AIDS awareness and sexual risk behaviors have changed in different time after the people know their HIV infection status. It is suggested to improve normative HIV testing, counseling and informing service and strengthen the intervention about 2 years after knowing of their HIV infection status.