38例同种异体肾移植患者心理分析与护理干预

目的　对接受同种异体肾移植患者的心理障碍因素进行分析和评定 ,以制定合理的护理干预计划。方法　对 38例接受同种异体肾移植患者在住院期间采取心理会谈方式 ,了解患者的心理障碍类型 ,分析其心理变化过程 ,采用临床症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )、ZUNG抑郁自评量表 (SDS)、ZUNG焦虑自评量表(SAS)对该组 (观察组 ) 38例患者与 4 0例健康自愿者 (对照组 )进行比较 ,针对患者症状严重程度分别进行心理干预前后评分。结果　观察组患者心理障碍因素主要为焦虑、抑郁等心理特征。 3个量表总因子、单因子分别与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。心理干预后 ,SCL - 90总分及单因子评分结果 ,观察组在焦虑、抑郁心理方面与治疗前比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　心理干预对于接受同种异体肾移植可提高患者的治疗信心、增强受者对异体肾的容受性 ,有利于提高生活质量

Psychological Analysis and Nursing Care for 38 Cases of Renal Transplantation Patients

Objective:To afford reasonable nursing care plan for renal transplantation patients. Methods:Thirty-eight patients who received renal transplantation were selected. Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90), Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) were used to analyze the psychological obstacles of renal transplant patients, contrasting to 40 normal volunteers and themselves one week after nursing care. Results: The main psychological obstacles of renal transplant patients were anxiety and distress. Significant differences of SCL-90, SAS and SDS scores were showed between nursing care groups and contrast groups, significant differences of SCL-90, SAS and SDS scores were also showed between before and after nursing care. Conclusions: Psychological care was helpful for reinforcing confidence of renal transplantation patients and enhancing quality of life.