湘江长沙城区段血吸虫病疫情变化及水体安全性测定

目的 目的 观察湘江长沙城区段血吸虫病疫情变化与桔洲景区水域水体安全性。方法 方法 了解2003-2012年间实施的防治措施， 调查洲滩钉螺分布和两岸居民、 水上渔船民血吸虫感染率， 采用哨鼠实验测定水体感染性。结果 结果 湘江长沙城区段2003年钉螺面积为471 hm2 ， 2012年为28.81 hm2 ， 下降了93.88%； 11个有螺洲滩通过环境改造已有9个未查到活螺， 其余2个活螺密度已降至0.006只/0.1 m2 以下， 并连续7年未查到感染性钉螺。桔洲景区原有钉螺孳生地已彻底改造， 自2008 年起连续5年未查到活螺， 景区水域及其上游已无敞放家畜， 哨鼠实验测定水体感染性已连续10年为阴性， 2003年居民感染率为3.63%， 2010年后未发现本地新感染病例。结论 结论 湘江长沙城区段血吸虫病疫情已达到传播控制标准， 桔洲景区水体安全； 但仍需加强血吸虫病疫情监测。

Changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation and water body security in Changsha City section of Xiangjiang River

Objective To understand the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation and water body security in the Chang? sha City section of the Xiangjiang River. Methods The prevention and control measures of schistosomiasis，the status of Oncome? lania hupensis snails in the marshlands，and the schistosome infection rates of residents on the both sides of the river and boat fish? ermen were investigated from 2003 to 2012，The schistosome infectivity of the water body was investigate by the method of sentry mice. Results The snail area decreased from 471 hm2 in 2003 to 28.81 hm2 in 2012 with the decline rate of 93.88%. Through the environmental modification，no living snails were found in 9 marshlands among the 11 marshlands，and the density of snails was below 0.006/0.1 m2 in the other 2 marshlands，but no infected snails were found for 7 years. The original snail habitats of Juzhou scenic area were completely modified and no living snails were found from 2008. In the area，no domestic animals were pastured and the schistosome infectivity of the water body was negative with the sentry mouse method for 10 years. In 2003，the schistosome infection rate was 3.63% in the residents，but no new infections were found in original residents after 2010. Conclusion The en? demic situation of schistosomiasis of the Changsha City section of the Xiangjiang River has reached the standards of schistosomia? sis transmission controlled and the water body of Juzhou scenic area is safe.