食管癌高发地区高危人群筛查方法研究

目的建立食管癌高危筛查模型，浓缩筛查高危人群，提高筛查效率。方法通过对222对病例和对照进行1：1配对研究，寻找与食管癌发病关联的因素，利用判别分析和综合评价分析，建立食管癌筛查模型，选择指标建立判别方程，用隐血珠筛查结果和由模型所得的个体食管癌发生的后验概率进行验证，并结合现场实践进行判定。结果多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示，急躁型情绪类型、食用酱菜和盐腌制品频次、喜食辣食情况、有喜欢吃硬食、粗粮的习惯、近阶段是否明显消瘦、有癌症家族史为食管癌关联指标。隐血珠筛查阳性者食管癌的检出率可从3．01％提高到8．74％。结论食管癌的发病与诸多不良的生活习惯与行为有关，这不仅为食管癌病因学预防提供依据，也为食管癌早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗中的初级筛查提供建立模型的可能。

Method study on screening for neoplasm of esophagus among high risk population

Objective To build an assessment model about the risk for neoplasm of esophagus by the association between the harmful life style and neoplasm of esophagus and to enhance screening efficiency.Methods To find the relevant risk factors through case-control study including 222 cases and control group with a ratio of 1 to 1,and to build risk assessment model for neoplasm of esophagus by discriminant analysis.Results Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the relative factors were the types of emotion,over-intake of pickle food,habit of eating spicy food and eating stiff food,recent tendency of becoming thinner,family history.Some significant variables were selected to set up the screening model.The rate of screening for neoplasm of esophagus was enhanced from 3.01% to 8.74%.Conclusion Neoplasm of esophagus was relevant to many harmful life styles.Not only it could provided the evidences for primary prevention of neoplasm of esophagus,but also it made the screening model of secondary prevention possible.