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Variations in sacral oedema levels over continuous 60-degree head of bed elevation positioning in healthy adults: An observational study
Institution:1. NHMRC Wiser Wounds Centre in Research Excellence, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia;2. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia;3. Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Australia;4. The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia;5. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Avenzoar St., 6, 41009, Seville, Spain;2. Intensive Care Clinical Unit, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Dr. Fedriani St., 3, 41009, Seville, Spain;3. Emergency Department, San Juan de Dios Hospital, Avda. San Juan de Dios, s/n, 18001, Bormujos, Seville, Spain;4. Intensive Care Department, University Hospital Virgen de Valme, Crta, de Cádiz, km 548, 41014, Seville, Spain;1. Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;2. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan;3. Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;4. Department of Skincare Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;5. AI Hospital/Macro Signal Dynamics Research and Development Center, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan;6. Research Center for Implementation Nursing Science Initiative, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan;7. Department of Nursing, Sengi Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan;8. School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;1. School of Nursing, University of Milan, ASST GOM Niguarda, Milan, Italy;2. Department Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy;3. Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Nursing Science Unit, Swedish Centre for Skin and Wound Research, Örebro University, Sweden;4. Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT), University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Belgium;5. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;1. School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland;2. Alliance for Research and Innovation in Wounds, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland;3. Geneva School of Health Science, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Western, Switzerland;4. Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia;5. Discipline of Podiatric Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland;6. Advance Glycoscience Research Cluster, School of Natural Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland;7. CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, Ireland;8. Care Directorate, University Hospital Geneva, Switzerland;9. School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland;10. Irish Research Council (IRC), Government of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;11. Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland;12. Centre for Pain Research, University of Galway, Ireland;1. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Un?versity Health Science Faculty, Nursing Department, Burdur, Turkey;2. Ayd?n Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Nursing, Ayd?n, Turkey
Abstract:BackgroundSubepidermal moisture (SEM) scanning is a novel technology that measures changes in localised oedema. Accumulation of subepidermal oedema is associated with early tissue damage that may lead to a pressure injury.AimThe primary study objective was to observe the variations in sacral subepidermal oedema levels over a continuous period of 60-degree head of bed elevation positioning.MethodsHealthy adult participants were recruited in this prospective observational study. Participants were positioned at 60-degree head of bed elevation for 120 min and sacral SEM measurements were collected at baseline and in 20 min increments.ResultsA total of 20 participants with a mean age of 39.3 years (SD = 14.7) were recruited. The mean SEM delta value increased 6.3% from 0.46 SEM delta at baseline to 0.49 SEM delta after 120 min, however these differences are not statistically significant (p = .21). There were also no significant findings between SEM delta variations and demographic factors.ConclusionIn a sample of healthy individuals, 120 min of continuous loading with a 60-degree head of bed elevation did not lead to a significant change in sacral subepidermal oedema levels. Further research on the response of healthy adult tissue under external forces associated with different angles of head of bed positioning may further contribute to our understanding pressure injury prevention.
Keywords:Pressure injury  Inflammation  Early detection  Subepidermal moisture
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