Temperature Feedback and Collagen Cross-Linking in Argon Laser Vascular Welding |
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Authors: | W. Small IV P.M. Celliers G.E. Kopchok K.M. Reiser N.J. Heredia D.J. Maitland D.C. Eder R.A. London M. Heilbron F. Hussain R.A. White L.B. Da Silva D. Matthews |
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Affiliation: | (1) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, US;(2) Division of Vascular Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, US;(3) Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA, US |
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Abstract: | A preliminary single-animal study of in vivo argon laser vascular welding was conducted using a canine model. The effects of temperature feedback control and saline drip cooling on patency and collagen cross-linking were investigated. The surface temperature at the centre of the laser spot was monitored using a two-colour infrared thermometer. The surface temperature was limited by either a saline drip or feedback control of the laser. Acute patency was evaluated and collagen cross-link assays were performed. Though both protocols yielded successful tissue fusion, welds maintained at a surface temperature of 50°C using feedback control had an elevated cross-link count compared to controls, whereas tissues irradiated without feedback control experienced a cross-link decrease. Simulations using the LATIS (LAser-TISsue) computer code suggest that drip-cooled procedures achieve significantly higher temperatures beneath the tissue surface than temperature feedback-controlled procedures. Differences between the volumetric heating associated with drip-cooled and feedback-controlled protocols may account for the different effects on collagen cross-links. Covalent mechanisms may play a role in argon laser vascular fusion. Paper received 20 August 1997; accepted in final form 16 September 1997. |
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Keywords: | : Collagen Infrared thermometry Radiometry Temperature Tissue fusion |
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