胃癌和胃淋巴瘤的CT表现对比分析

背景与目的:进展期胃癌与胃淋巴瘤的CT表现在鉴别诊断上较困难,均可表现为胃壁增厚、腔内肿块、胃腔狭窄、淋巴结肿大、远处脏器转移等。本研究通过对比胃癌与胃淋巴瘤的CT表现差异,以提高对胃肿瘤,特别是胃淋巴瘤的CT诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析27例进展期胃癌和25例胃淋巴瘤患者的CT表现,观察病变部位、病变大体形态、胃周径侵犯范围、病灶的最大厚度、粘膜是否光整、粘膜皱襞是否增厚、浆膜受侵情况、有无坏死、病变强化程度、强化是否均匀、其他器官受累情况、腹部淋巴结情况。结果:23例(85.2%)胃癌近胃腔表面见"白线"征,门静脉期"白线"区范围较动脉期大;所有胃淋巴瘤患者均未见"白线"征。13例(48.1%)胃癌非"白线"区门静脉期强化程度高于动脉期。所有胃癌患者胃壁侵犯范围均<50%,23例(85.2%)胃淋巴瘤患者胃壁侵犯范围>75%。所有27例(100%)胃癌患者均见胃粘膜溃疡,1例(4%)胃淋巴瘤见胃粘膜溃疡。11例(44.0%)胃淋巴瘤有2个区或以上的胃周淋巴结肿大,8例(32.0%)胃淋巴瘤患者有肾门下腹膜后淋巴结肿大;所有胃癌患者均未见2个区或以上胃周肿大淋巴结,亦未见肾门下腹膜后淋巴结肿大。结论:胃癌与胃淋巴瘤的CT表现各有其特点,包括有无胃粘膜"白线"征、粘膜溃疡、胃壁侵犯范围、胃周肿大淋巴结分布、有无肾门下腹膜后肿大淋巴结等,这些特点对于二者的鉴别诊断具有一定的参考价值。

Comparison of CT findings between gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: It is difficult to discriminate progressive gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma by CT imaging, because incrassate gastric wall, lump in gastric cavity, confined gastric cavity, intumescent lymph node, and distant metastasis can be displayed in both of them. This study was to compare the CT findings between gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma to improve diagnosis of gastric tumors, especially for gastric lymphoma. METHODS: CT images of 27 patients with pathologically proved progressive gastric cancer and 25 patients with pathologically proved gastric lymphoma were reviewed. Tumor location, appearance, scope of involvement, gastric wall thickness, mucous membrane, mucosal fold, serosa membrane, necrosis, enhancement degree and uniformity, involvement of other organs, and abdominal lymph nodes were observed. RESULTS: White line sign was observed in 23 cases (85.2%) of gastric cancer, but not in the 25 cases of gastric lymphoma. The extent of white line sign in gastric cancers was larger in portal vein phase than in arterial phase. Enhancement degree outside the white line was higher in portal vein phase than in arterial phase in 13 cases (48.1%) of gastric cancer. The extent of involved gastric wall was smaller than 50% of the whole gastric wall in all the 27 cases of gastric cancer, while it was larger than 75% in 23 cases (85.2%) of gastric lymphoma. Gastric mucous membrane ulcer was found in all of the 27 cases (100%) of gastric cancer, while it was found in only 1 case (4.0%) of gastric lymphoma. Intumescent lymph nodes in two or more areas were found in 11 cases (40.0%) of gastric lymphoma, but not in gastric cancer. Intumescent lymph nodes in the retroperitoneal space below renal hilum were found in 8 cases (32%) of gastric lymphoma, but not in gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: There are some different CT features between gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma, such as white line sign, gastric mucous membrane ulcer, extent of involved gastric wall, location of intumescent lymph nodes surrounding the stomach and in retroperitoneal space below renal hilum, and so on, which could be helpful in differential diagnosis of these two diseases.