肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的超声诊断与鉴别诊断

目的探讨肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的声像图特征及其鉴别诊断。方法应用二维超声，彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI），频谱多普勒（PW）对经手术病理证实的21例肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤进行研究。结果肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的典型声像图为高回声或混合性回声呈洋葱样，不典型声像图为低回声。CDFI示肿瘤内血流信号少，PW测及其动脉血流为低速高阻型。结论肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤声像图表现与血管、平滑肌、脂肪含量有关。典型声像图较易诊断。不典型声像图需结合彩色多普勒及CT增强扫描进行综合分析，并与肾癌相鉴别。

Ultrasound diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma

Objective To evaluate the ultrasound features and differential diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma(RAML).Methods Twenty-one patients with surgically and pathologically proved RAML underwent two-dimensional ultrasonography,color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)and pulsed-wave Doppler(PW)examinations.Results Typical echo intensity of RAML was high or inhomogeneous echoes mimicking the section of onion,while atypical cases showed low echoes.The signals of bloodstream measured by CDFI were little,whereas arterial bloodstream visualized by PW was low velocity and high resistance.Conclusion The ultrasound findings of RAML depend on the contents of intrastumoral blood vessels,smooth muscle and fatty component.Typical cases can be easily diagnosed,but for atypical ones it should be analyzed by CDFI,PW and enhanced CT scan so as to make the differential diagnosis from renal cancer.