300例产妇焦虑、抑郁状况和心理保健需求调查

目的分析产妇的心理健康状况,为开展针对性的孕产期心理保健指导干预提供依据。方法选择300名居住在闵行区的产妇,用调查问卷对其进行心理状况调查评估,问卷中包含焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)。结果对新生儿健康的担心和对分娩的恐惧是孕产妇主要担心的问题;是否母乳喂养(χ2=7.895,P0.01)、家人的支持和鼓励程度(χ2=9.450,P0.01)、工作/生活压力大小(χ2=10.393,P0.01)是影响产妇抑郁的重要因素,其中工作/生活压力(χ2=6.933,P0.01)又与产后焦虑症的发生有关,以上因素均有统计学意义;83.61%的产妇认为有必要开展孕产期心理指导,最希望得到家人的支持与鼓励。结论呼吁全社会关注孕产妇心理健康,通过广泛开展孕产期心理健康宣教,提倡母乳喂养,家人给予足够的关心和支持,能够对孕产妇的心理调节产生积极作用,降低焦虑、抑郁的发生。

Maternal Anxiety,Depression and Mental Health Needs of 300 Pregnant Women

Objective To analyze the mental health status of pregnant women ,and provide basis for the maternal mental health guid-anceandintervention.Methods 300womenlivinginMinhangdistrictwereinvestigatedandevaluatedmaternal,psychologicalstatus with questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）and Self -rating Depression Scale（SDS）.Results Concerns on neonatal health and fear of childbirth were the main concern for pregnant women;Whether breastfeeding （χ2 =7.895,P〈0.01）,family support and en-couragement（χ2 =9.450,P〈0.01）,work /life pressure（χ2 =10.393,P〈0.01） were important factors affecting the postpartum de-pression,in which work /life pressure（χ2 =6.933,P〈0.01） was also an incidence of postpartum anxiety;83.61% of the women thought it necessary to carry out maternal psychological guidance and hope to get the family support and encouragement .Conclusion It can produce positive effect on maternal psychological adjustment ,reduce the occurrence of anxiety and depression by the whole society at -tention to materal mental health ,extensive maternal mental health education ,the promotion of breast -feeding enough attention and sup-port from family .