Purification and characterisation of elastase from Staphylococcus epidermidis.

An elastase of Staphylococcus epidermidis was purified by ion exchange chromatography on CM-Sepharose and characterised. Its M(r) is c. 21 kDa, its optimal temperature for activity is 42 degrees C and the pH optimum is 6.8. The enzyme is activated by cysteine and other SH-donators and inhibited by L-trans-epoxy-succinylleucylamido-(4-guanidino)butane (E64), an inhibitor of cysteine proteases, but not by 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (3,4-DCI), an inhibitor of serine proteases. This finding suggests that the elastase of S. epidermidis is a cysteine protease. Because S. epidermidis elastase degrades human sIgA, IgM, serum albumin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin, this enzyme may be regarded as a virulence factor.