肥厚型与扩张型心肌病的心电图改变

目的观察肥厚型与扩张型心肌病病例的心电图改变。方法对9例肥厚型心肌病与19例扩张型心肌病患者心电图资料进行分析。结果肥厚型心肌病组77．8％心电图出现异常，以ST—T改变发生率最高（6例，67％），左心室肥大次之（5例，56％），传导障碍（3例，33％），有1例V3-V5导联出现巨大倒置T波（11％）。扩张型心肌病组全部患者均有不同程度心电图改变，ST—T改变发生率（12例，63％）与肥厚型大致相等，P波改变（12例，63％）、传导障碍（9例，47％）、心房颤动（4例，21％）、室性心动过速（3例，16％）发生率均较肥厚型高，左心室肥大较肥厚型低（37％）。结论肥厚型与扩张型心肌病均可引起多种类型心电图改变，重视临床及心电图变化，采取进一步的检查措施可以最大限度地减少该病的误诊。

Electrocardiogram alteration of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy

Objective To observe the changes of electrocardiogram(ECG) in the cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods Analyze the electrocardiogram information of 9 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 19 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.Results Out of the 9 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,77.8% were found with exceptional electrocardiogram.Among these patients,67% were with ST-T alteration;56% were with left ventricular hypertrophy;33% were with conduct block;11%(one patient) were with huge convert T wave in V_3~V_5.The electrocardiogram of all the 19 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy altered to different extent.ST-T alteration of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy was 63%,approximately the same as that of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Among these 19 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy,63% were with P wave alteration,47% with conduct block,21% with atrial fibrillation,16% were with ventricular tachycardia,which indicated that more patients who were with dilated cardiomyopathy could have the above four syndromes than the ones with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.But less of them could have left ventricular hypertrophy than the ones with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Conclusion Both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy can lead to several types of electrocardiogram alteration.It could greatly avoid the misdiagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy,if we pay much attention to clinical and electrocardiogram alteration and have further examination.