Afferent projections to the periaqueductal gray in the rabbit |
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| Authors: | S T Meller B J Dennis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu’ an, Fujian 355000, China;3. Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China;4. Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;5. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States;1. Dept. of Neurology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;2. Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Rheinstrasse 12, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;3. Dept. of Neuroradiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;4. Freiburg Brain Imaging Center, University of Freiburg, Germany;5. BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Germany;6. Medical Physics, Dept. of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 60a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;1. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pain Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA;2. Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;4. Gail and Gerald Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Pain and Interoception Network (PAIN), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;5. Department of Radiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA;6. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA;1. Molecular Biophysics Program, Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado;2. Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom;3. VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium;4. Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | The afferents to the periaqueductal gray in the rabbit have been described following hydraulic pressure injection of horseradish peroxidase at various sites throughout this structure. Every third section was reacted with tetramethylbenzidine, for the localization of afferent neurons. At the site of the deposit alternate sections were reacted with tetramethylbenzidine, Hanker-Yates reagent, or diaminobenzidine, for comparative assessment of the injection site. A large number of retrogradely labelled cells, assessed by bright- and dark-field microscopy, were observed in a wide range of areas throughout the brain. Major labelled areas within the telencephalon were cortical areas 5, 20, 21, 32 and 40. Within the diencephalon, the hypothalamus contained quantitatively by far the largest number of labelled cells. Of these nuclei, the dorsal pre-mammillary nucleus contained the largest number of labelled cells. Considerable labelling was also found within medial and lateral preoptic nuclei, anterior hypothalamic area, and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Another diencephalic region containing a significant number of retrogradely labelled neurons was the zona incerta. At midbrain, pontine and medullary levels, additional labelled regions were: the substantia nigra, cuneiform nucleus, parabigeminal nucleus, raphe magnus, and reticular areas. Heavy labelling was seen within the periaqueductal gray itself, rostral and caudal to deposits placed within each subdivision. In addition, a large number of other areas labelled throughout the brain (Tables 2A-D). Not only were some differences noted in the pattern of labelled cells with deposits placed rostrally or caudally within periaqueductal gray, but certain topographical differences with respect to the degree of labelling within nuclei were also seen with injection sites ventral, lateral or dorsal to the aqueduct. In addition, a further difference was noted, in that over one third of the areas labelled with deposits in just one or other of the "divisions" within periaqueductal gray. The results therefore suggest that the periaqueductal gray might be divisible to some extent on the basis of connectivity with intrinsic subdivisions of the complex. It is hoped that, with time, it might prove possible to resolve any such differential input in functional terms. The wide variety of afferent input to the periaqueductal gray, and its strategic location, would seem to place it in a unique position for integrating and modifying a diversity of motor, autonomic, hormonal, sensory and limbic influences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) |
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