Phenothiazine and semi-cyanine based colorimetric and fluorescent probes for detection of sulfites in solutions and in living cells |
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Authors: | Hong-Wei Chen Hong-Cheng Xia O A Hakeim Qin-Hua Song |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 P. R. China.; School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Henan 453003 P. R. China ; National Research Centre, Textile Research Division, Tahrir St., Dokki, Cairo Egypt, |
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Abstract: | Four hemicyanine probes for selectively detecting sulfites (HSO3−/SO32−) have been constructed by the condensation reaction of 7-substituted (CN, Br, H and OH) phenothiazine aldehyde with 1-ethyl-2,3,3-trimethylindolium iodide. All four probes show a fast and sensitive response to HSO3−/SO32−via a Michael addition, with a detection limit lower than 40 nM based on monitoring their UV/vis absorption changes. Although all four probes display an increase in fluorescence when responding to HSO3−/SO32−, the increment is larger for the probe with an electron-withdrawing group than the probe with an electron-donating group, except for Br. Thus, among four probes the 7-cyano probe (PI-CN) possesses the largest fluorescent response to HSO3−/SO32−, and the lowest detection limit (7.5 nM). More expediently and easily, a film and a test paper with PI-CN have been prepared to detect HSO3−/SO32− in a sample aqueous solution selectively. Finally, the detection of HSO3−/SO32− by PI-CN in biological environments has been demonstrated by cell imaging.Four 7-substituted phenothiazine hemicyanines display a substituent effect on the fluorescence response toward sulfites. The CN-substituted probe exhibits the best sensing behavior. |
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