支气管哮喘教育管理在支气管哮喘治疗和预防中的作用

目的 探讨支气管哮喘（哮喘）教育管理在哮喘治疗和预防中的作用及家属在老年性哮喘教育管理中的地位.方法 哮喘教育管理模式由哮喘之家、哮喘病房及哮喘专业门诊组成;以参加过哮喘教育管理的患者为教育组（60例）,同期呼吸科就诊但未接受过哮喘教育管理的门诊患者为对照组（60例）.所有入选患者每季度作问卷调查及肺功能检测并进行对比分析.结果 教育组医疗费用[（8 306±999）元/年]明显低于对照组[（10 876±1 702）元/年],经过2年哮喘教育管理,教育组患者病情都能够达到部分或完全控制,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;两组肺功能均得到改善,教育组的1秒钟用力呼气容积占预计值百分率[（73.4±11.1）%]明显好于对照组[（55.7±21.5）%],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 通过哮喘教育管理,大部分哮喘患者能达到控制哮喘的目的,同时能降低医疗费用,明显改善肺功能.

Asthma education program improves treatment and prevention of asthma

Objective To evaluate the impact of asthma education program on the treatment and prevention of asthma. Methods The asthma education program was conducted in hospital wards, outpatient clinic and asthma education center of Dongyang People＇s Hospital from January 2005 to December 2009. One hundred and twenty asthmatic patients were divided into two groups： patients in education group （60 cases） participated in the asthma education program and patients in control group （60 cases） had no systematic asthma education. All patients were investigated by questionnaire and tested with lung function every 3 months in asthma center. Results The yearly costs of medication in education group significantly lower than those in control group （8 306 ±999 Yuan.year-1 vs 10 876 ± 1 702 Yuan.year-1, P〈 0.01 ）. The partial and complete control rates in 2 years in education group were higher than those in control group （P〈 0.01 ）. The lung functions were improved in both groups, but the FEV1 in education group was better than that in control group（ 73.4 ± 11.1% vs 55.7 ± 21.5%, P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The asthma education program can enhance asthma control, improve lung function, and also decrease the medical costs for asthmatic patients.