高糖低脂膳食对健康青年血脂比值的影响

目的探讨短期高糖低脂膳食对健康青年血脂比值甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TG/HDL-C)、log(TG/HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)/HDL-C、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/HDL-C的影响。方法在校大学生自愿者56名(22.89±1.80)岁,于7 d平衡膳食后给予高糖低脂膳食6 d,分别在第1 d、8 d、14 d清晨抽取空腹静脉血,测定TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C浓度,计算TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C值。结果高糖低脂膳食后,TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)在女性显著升高(P<0.05),男性有下降趋势,但无统计学意义。按BMI或WHR分析发现,高糖低脂膳食后TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)在正常女性显著升高(P<0.05),而在一般肥胖或腹型肥胖女性无显著性改变;不同BMI或WHR男性高糖低脂膳食后TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)无显著变化。TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C在高糖低值膳食后均显著下降(P<0.05),且不受性别、BMI、WHR的影响。结论高糖低脂膳食诱导的TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)改变因性别及BMI或WHR不同而不同,TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C的改变则不受其影响,对指导相应人群改变膳食结构具有重要意义。

Effects of High-carbohydrate/Low-fat Diet on Serum Lipid Ratios in Healthy Young Subjects

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the short-term high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HC/LF) diet on the serum lipid ratios of healthy young subjects, which meant triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C), the logarithm of TG/HDL-C [log (TG/HDL-C)], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C), and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C). METHODS: 56 healthy participants with the average age of (22.89 +/- 1.80) years took the normal diet for 7 days followed by HC/LF diet for 6 days. Venous blood samples in fasting were collected between 7 : 00 and 10 : 00 AM on the 1st, the 8th and 14th day, respectively. Serum concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by regular methods. The ratios of TG/HDL-C, log (TG/HDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C, and TC/ HDL-C were calculated. RESULTS: After HC/LF diet, both TG/HDL-C and log (TG/HDL-C) increased significantly for females (P < 0.05). For the males, these two ratios were decreased although not significant in statistics. When BMI or WHR was taken into account, the two ratios increased significantly after HC/LF diet, but only for the normal females (P < 0.05), not for the females with overall or abdominal adiposity. No significant changes of TG/HDL-C and log(TG/HDL-C) after HC/LF diet were observed between the males with different BMI or WHR. TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after HC/LF diet, but these changes were not found to associate with gender, BMI or WHR. CONCLUSION: The changes of TG/HDL-C and log (TG/HDL-C) induced by the short-term HC/LF diet are different in healthy young subjects with different gender, BMI or WHR, but there is no significant change happening to TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C.