兔泪腺分泌泪液的神经通路的实验研究

目的　探讨新西兰兔泪腺分泌泪液的神经通路。方法　在新西兰兔泪腺分四点注射微量假狂犬病毒（ｐｓｅｕｄｏｒａｂｉｅｓｖｉｒｕｓ，ＰＲＶ）１０μＬ，采用免疫荧光组织化学方法，观察实验兔存活３０ｈ、３８ｈ、４６ｈ后荧光标记神经元在脑中的分布。结果　ＰＲＶ注射到泪腺３０ｈ后，仅在脑桥上泌涎核出现阳性标记神经元；存活３８ｈ后，ＰＲＶ跨突触感染的第二级神经元可见上橄榄核群的上橄榄外侧核和上橄榄内侧核；存活４６ｈ后，在脑桥斜方体核也出现阳性细胞，且上橄榄外侧核和上橄榄内侧核的阳性细胞更为密集，下丘脑的室旁核也出现阳性细胞。结论　中枢神经系统与新西兰兔泪腺分泌泪液可能存在以下通路联系:下丘脑室旁核→脑桥上橄榄核群→脑桥上泌涎核→泪腺。

Experimental study on nervous pathway of lacrimal gland of rabbit secreting tears

Objective To explore the nervous pathway of tears secretion from lacrimal gland of New Zealand white rabbit. Methods Trace amount of pesudorabies virus ( PRV) was injected into the lacrimal gland of the rabbit and the distribution of fluorescently labeled neurons in the brain was observed after surviving for 30 hours , 38 hours,46 hours respectively through the way of immunofluorescence histochemistry. Results Positive and marked neurons were found only in superior salivatory nucleus of pons ( SSN) after injecting for 30 hours. While after 38 hours .the secondary neurons infecting PRV across synapses were observed in lateral nucleus of superior olive ( LSO) and medial nucleus of superior olive ( MSO) of superior olivary complex. After 46 hours ,positive and marked cells were also found in nucleus of trapezoid body and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ( PVN) and their distributions were dense in SPO and MSO. Conclusion There may be the following pathway between the central nervous system and tears secretion from lacrimal gland of New Zealand white rabbit : PVN~superior olivary complex of pons-+SSN-+lacrimal gland.