Application of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction techniques in analytical toxicology |
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| Authors: | Vahid Sharifi Ali Abbasi Anahita Nosrati |
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| Affiliation: | aLegal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran; bDepartment of Community Medicine, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran; cDepartment of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The recent developments in hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction and dispersive liquid –liquid microextraction are reviewed. Applications of these newly emerging developments in extraction and preconcentration of a vast category of compounds including heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and abused drugs in complex matrices (environmental and biological matrices) are reviewed and discussed. The new developments in these techniques including the use of solvents lighter than water, ionic liquids and supramolecular solvents are also considered. Applications of these new solvents reduce the use of toxic solvents and eliminate the centrifugation step, which reduces the extraction time. |
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| Keywords: | analytical toxicology dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction environmental and biological matrices foods hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction |
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