父母高血压史对子女高血压患病率及血压水平的影响

目的：探讨高血压家族史对人群血压的影响。方法：利用1991年全国血压抽样调查的940323人的资料，分析父母高血压史与血压水平和高血压患病率的关系。并分析不同民族人群的遗传背景与血压水平的关系，利用多因素Logistic回归调整年龄，体重指数，吸烟饮酒状况及文化程度，探讨高血压家族史与高血压患病之间的关系。结果：高血压家族史阳性率均为19．3％，有高血压家族史者比家族史者的血压水平和高血压患病率明显升高（P＜0．01），而父母双亲均有高血压者的血压水平和高血压患病率又比父母一方有高血压者明显升高（P＜0．01），父母双亲均有高血压史者的高血压病率为无家族史者的2倍。父亲有高血压与母亲高血压均值及高血压患病率没有显著差异。多因素Logistic回归显示，有高血压家族史者患高血压病的危险是无高血压家族史者的1．79倍。结论：遗传因素在中国人群的高血压发病中起重要作用。

The Effect of Parental Hypertension Status on the Offspring Blood Pressure:a Population Based Study in China

Objectives To assess the effect of parents hypertension history on offspring blood pressure of population. Methods Data of parents hypertension history and blood pressure were collected in 1991 from the third national survey of blood pressure in China. Blood pressure with parental hypertension status was analyzed in a cohort of 940323 people with age >15 years. Results The people with positive family history was 19.3%. The levels of blood pressure, the prevalence of hypertension were significantly greater in the population having positive family history compared with those with negative ( P< 0 01). Meanwhile, the level of BP and the prevalence rate of hypertension were significantly greater in the person having both hypertensive mother and father compared with those who had either hypertensive mother or father( P< 0 01). The prevalence of hypertension who had both hypertensive mother and father was twice as much as those who had negative family history. No significantly difference for the level of BP and prevalence of hypertension in population who had hypertensive mother compared with those who had hypertensive father. After adjusted with age, body mass index, education, smoking and drinking status in multivariate logistic regression model, odds ratio for hypertension was 1.79 for the population having positive family history compared with those of negative. Conclusion Genetic factors play an important role in hypertension in Chinese population.