3D打印多孔矿化胶原-硫酸钙仿生组织工程骨修复兔股骨髁包容性骨缺损的实验研究

目的探讨3D打印多孔矿化胶原-硫酸钙仿生组织工程骨(3D printing calcium sulfate hemihydrate/mineralized collagen,3D-CSH/nHAC)对包容性骨缺损的修复能力和成骨效果。方法水热法制备半水硫酸钙;传统模具方法制备矿化胶原-硫酸钙仿生组织工程骨(CSH/nHAC);采用3D技术制备新型组织工程骨(3D-CSH/nHAC),扫描电镜观察人工骨表面微观形态。选取新西兰白兔18只(由解放军总医院动物中心提供),雄性10只,雌性8只,兔龄15~18个月,体重2.5~3.0kg。随机分为三组,每组6只A组,空白对照组;B组,CSH/nHAC组;C组,3D-CSH/nHAC组。制作临界性股骨髁骨缺损模型,分别植入相应修复材料。术后4、8、12周分批处死动物,通过大体观察、X线、Micro-CT及组织学观察骨缺损处修复效果。结果扫描电镜示传统组织工程骨为棒状硫酸钙与不规则颗粒状矿化胶原的镶嵌复合结构;3D-CSH/nHAC具有多孔结构,大孔结构完整,孔隙之间壁较薄,孔孔之间相互交通。术后4、8、12周X线检查可见C组的骨密度高于其他两组,骨缺损修复较好;术后4、8、12周Micro-CT检查可见C组骨缺损处有较多新生骨组织生成,修复明显好于其他两组。术后组织学检查C组术后1个月可见小片状类骨质出现,植入材料开始降解,术后3个月时新生骨呈现片状结构,3D-CSH/nHAC几乎完全降解,骨缺损处成骨量明显优于B组和C组。结论临界性包容性骨缺损不能自我修复,可作为研究骨缺损的模型;3D-CSH/nHAC骨组织工程修复材料修复骨缺损能力优于传统组织工程材料,是一种有前景的骨缺损修复材料。

Experimental study on a new tissue engineering bone in repairing rabbit bone defect

Objective To investigate the ability of Calcium sulfate hemihydrate and Calcium sulfate hemihydrate/mineralized collagen(calcium sulfate hemihydrate/mineralized collagen,CSH/nHAC)in repairing bone repair effect.Methods Calcium sulfate hemihydrate was prepared by hydrothermal method.The novel tissue engineering bone was prepared and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructure of new artificial bone surface.Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups with 6 in each group:group A,control group;group B,CSH group;group C,CSH/nHAC.There were 10 males and 8 females,aged from 15 to 18 months and weighing from 2 to 3.0kg.Critical bone femoral condyle defect was made in this experiment.Then all the rabbits were implanted in bone repair materials,respectively.At 4,8,12 weeks after surgery,the rabbits were killed in batch,and the samples were harvested and detected by X-rays,Micro CT scan,and histological observation.Results Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the new material was composed of calcium sulfate and irregular granular mineralized collagen;3D-CSH/nHAC had porous structure and large hole structure integrity,the wall between the pore was thin,and the pore was connected with each other.At 4,8,12 weeks after surgery,the result of X-ray indicated that group C repaired good bone defect better than the other two groups;the same result was also observed in the Micro CT exzmination.The result of postoperative histological observation showed that in group C small flake osteoid appeared a month after surgery and CSH/nHAC began to degrade.Three months after sugery,CSH/nHAC almost completely degradated and bone mass in bone defect area was superior to group A and group B.Conclusion The critical bone femoral condyle defect cannot repair itself and it can be used as a research model of bone defect;the abiliy of CSH/nHAC tissue engineering material to repair bone defect is better than that of pure CSH.CSH/nHAC is a kind of promising bone regeneration material in the future.