821名守岛官兵心理健康状况分析及干预策略

目的了解海岛官兵的心理健康状况和适应能力及相关影响因素,提高对海岛官兵心理干预的水平。方法参加"为海岛官兵送健康"活动,分别到13个岛屿随机抽取守岛官兵821人为研究组,以岛外1922名官兵作为对照组,统一使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理适应能力问卷对其团体测评和个别访谈,而后对心理健康状况和适应能力进行相关性分析。结果研究组SCL-90各因子分与对照组比较(t=28.51,P<0.01);筛查各因子阳性的严重程度175/797人(21.96%)与对照组346/1924人(18%)比较(t=4.74～10.20,P<0.01);研究组的心理适应能力与SCL-90总分及各因子分存在显著负相关(r=-0.320～-0.444,P<0.01);官兵的军龄、年龄与SCL-90的焦虑因子存在显著正相关(r=0.103～0.302,P<0.01)。访谈出的主要问题是婚恋问题;对身体和家人的担忧、恐惧等。结论守岛官兵心理健康水平低于岛外官兵,且与心理适应能力、年龄、军龄密切相关。

Mental Health of 821 Shoudao Officers and Soldiers and Intervention Measurement

Objective To explore mental health and adaptability of shoudao officers and soldiers and their influencing factors,in order to improve the level of psychological services for shoudao officers and soldiers.Method Symptom checklist 90(SCL-90) and psychological adaptability evaluation questionnaires were used to evaluate 821 shoudao officers and soldiers from13 islands(study group) and 1922 men off the island(control group).Results There were significant differences in SCL-90 factor scores between two groups(P<0.01);there was significant difference in positive rate between study group(175/797,21.96%) and control group(346/1924,18%)(P<0.01);psychological adaptability of study group significantly negatively correlated to SCL-90 total score and factor scores(r=-0.320～-0.444,P<0.01);military service,age significantly correlated to anxiety factor of SCL-90(r=0.103～0.302,P<0.01).Personal main issues were marriage,anxious to body and family,fear.Conclusion The mental health level of shoudao officers and soldiers is low,and is closely related to their adaptability,age and military service.