早期护理干预对新生儿高胆红素血症的影响

目的探讨早期护理干预对新生儿高胆红素血症的影响。方法便利抽样法选取2010年1月1日至2011年12月31日在台州市中心医院出生的7105例足月新生儿为研究对象。按其出生时间分为对照组(n=3482)和观察组(n=3623)。对照组按传统方法护理新生儿,即实行母婴同室。观察组则在传统护理基础上,采用规范健康新生儿早期的喂养、睡眠、穿衣等早期护理干预措施。比较两组新生儿出生1～5d内,经皮测黄疸指数和新生儿体质量下降指数。统计出生12个月内,两组新生儿中高胆红素血症住院率。结果日龄2～5d,两组新生儿黄疸指数和生理性体重下降的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组和对照组均有12例新生儿因新生儿高胆红素血症而住院,住院率分别为(8.17±4.59)%、(13.67±3.82)%,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.2,P<0.01)。结论实行早期护理干预能有效地降低健康新生儿高胆红素血症的发生,降低新生儿住院率。

Effects of Early Nursing Interventions on Newborn with Hyperbilirubinemia

Objective To explore the effect of early nursing interventions on newborn with hyperbilirubinemia. Methods Using convenience sampling, totally 7105 newborn with hyperbilirubinemia were recruited and divided into control group （n=3482）and observational group（n： 3623） according to the time of birth. Both of the two groups received the traditional nursing. Newborn in the observational group received normative feeding, sleep, dressing and nursing interventions. Hospitalization rate of the two groups were analyzed for newborn with hyper- bilirubinemia within 12 months. Results Significant difference were found in icteric index and physiological weight loss（P〈0. 01）. Totally 12 newborns in both control group and observational group readmitted to hospital, and the readmission rate were（8. 17±4.59） % and（13.67 ± 3.82） %, and the difference was significant （t = - 3.2, P〈 0.01）. Conclusion The early nursing interventions can effectively decrease the incidence of the healthy neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and readmission rate.