Gow-Gates法下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉在下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的麻醉效果研究

目的 通过临床随机对照试验的方法评价Gow-Gates法下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉在下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的麻醉有效性和安全性。方法 使用左右半口设计，32例患者的左右下颌阻生第三磨牙分别随机采用Gow-Gates法和传统注射法进行下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉，并拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙，记录麻醉效果及不良事件。结果 所有患者均完成研究。Gow-Gates法的麻醉成功率为96.9%，传统注射法的麻醉成功率为90.6%，二者的麻醉成功率无统计学差异（P=0.317）。在麻醉程度上，Gow-Gates法麻醉程度为A和B级的比率为96.9%，明显好于传统注射法的78.1%（P=0.034）。Gow-Gates法的回抽出血率明显低于传统注射法（P=0.025），2种注射方法均未出现血肿。结论 Gow-Gates法下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉在下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术中的麻醉效果好且较为安全，可以作为传统注射法的有效补充。

The anesthetic effects of Gow-Gates technique of inferior alveolar nerve block in impacted mandibular third molar extraction

Objective To evaluate the anesthetic effects and safety of Gow-Gates technique of inferior alveolar nerve block in impacted mandibular third molar extraction. Methods A split-mouth study was designed. The bilateral impacted mandibular third molar of 32 participants were divided into Gow-Gates technique of inferior alveolar nerve block（Gow-Gates group） and conventional technique of inferior alveolar nerve block（conventional group） randomly with third molar extracted. The anesthetic effects and adverse events were recorded. Results All the participants completed the research. The anesthetic success rate was 96.9% in Gow-Gates group and 90.6% in conventional group with no statistical difference（P=0.317）; but when comparing the anesthesia grade, Gow-Gates group had a 96.9% of grade A and B, and conventional group had a rate of 78.1%（P=0.034）. And the Gow-Gates group had a much lower withdrawn bleeding than conventional group（P=0.025）. Two groups had no hematoma. Conclusion Gow-Gates technique had a reliable anesthesia effects and safety in impacted mandibular third molar extraction and could be chosen as a candidate for the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block.